海洋微塑料对海水青鳉毒性效应研究进展分析

Research Progress and Analysis on Toxicity of Microplastics to Marine Medaka(Oryzias melastigma)

海水青鳉是研究微塑料对海洋生物毒理作用的理想模式生物。文章围绕微塑料在海水青鳉中毒性研究,通过查阅相关文献,对已发表文献年度变化和地区分布进行了统计分析;通过分析实验所用微塑料种类、颗粒大小和实验浓度、暴露时间和方式以及不同生长阶段海水青鳉实验对象选择,总结归纳微塑料在海水青鳉体内代谢、肠道损伤、生长和发育毒性、生殖毒性、遗传毒性以及对其他海洋污染物的放大或缓解效应6个方面的研究结果,并以分析结果为基础,建议在后期研究海洋微塑料对海水青鳉毒性效应,应重点考虑实验时间长短、实验材料选择和实验设计、毒理作用机制分析等因素。

This study focused on the research progress of the toxicity of microplastics to marine medaka.By consulting the relevant literatures,the annual change and regional distribution of the published papers were statistically analyzed.In addition,the type,size and concentration of microplastics,exposure time and mode,and selection of marine medaka were studied.Besides,this paper summarizes six aspects of the research results:metabolism in vivo,intestinal injury,growth and developmental toxicity,reproductive toxicity,genetic toxicity and amplification or mitigation effect to other marine pollutants.In the end,it is suggested that experimental time,selection of microplastics and toxicological mechanism need to be considered in future study.