营商环境对城乡收入差距的影响——劳动力就业的调节效应

The Impact of Business Environment on Urban-rural Income Gap:Considering the Regulating Effect of Labor Employment

基于2005—2019年中国30个省市面板数据,运用固定效应模型实证检验营商环境与城乡收入差距之间的关系。研究发现:营商环境与城乡收入差距存在U型关系,整体上营商环境改善有利于缩小城乡收入差距。从区域异质性方面研究看,东中西部地区营商环境与城乡收入差距依然存在U型关系;从营商环境分类指标看,市场环境、政务环境、国际环境和城乡收入差距关系与整体一致,法治环境与城乡收入差距关系并不显著。此外,就业结构与创业能够负向调节营商环境对城乡收入差距的U型关系,延缓U型曲线拐点的出现。

Based on the panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2005 to 2019,this paper empirically tests the relationship between business environment and urban-rural income gap using the fixed effect model.The study found that there is a U-shaped relationship between the business environment and the urban-rural income gap.On the whole,the improvement of the business environment is conducive to narrowing the urban-rural income gap.From the perspective of regional heterogeneity,there is still a U-shaped relationship between business environment and urban-rural income gap in the eastern,central and western regions.From the perspective of business environment classification indicators,the relationship between market environment,government environment,international environment and urban-rural income gap is consistent with the whole.The relationship between the rule of law environment and urban-rural income gap is not significant.In addition,employment structure and entrepreneurship can negatively adjust the U-shaped relationship between business environment and urban-rural income gap,delaying the emergence of U-shaped curve inflection point.