原发性高血压中医证型分布规律及其危险因素研究

Distribution of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Types of Primary Hypertension and Its Risk Factors

目的 探讨原发性高血压中医证型的分布规律及其与危险因素的相关性。方法 收集290例原发性高血压患者的一般资料,采用无序多分类Logistic回归分析原发性高血压中医证型与性别、年龄、体质量指数、饮食偏嗜、吸烟史、饮酒史、高血压病家族史的相关性。结果 原发性高血压中医证型以痰湿壅盛证为主。单因素分析结果显示,原发性高血压中医证型与年龄、饮酒史、高血压家族史及饮食偏嗜具有相关性(P<0.05)。无序多分类Logistic回归分析显示,以阴阳两虚型为对照组,年龄≤65岁(P<0.05,OR=29.328)和高血压病家族史(P<0.05,OR=9.499)与肝火亢盛型相关;年龄≤65岁(P<0.05,OR=9.241)和饮食偏咸(P<0.05,OR=4.840)与痰湿壅盛型相关;年龄≤65岁(P<0.05,OR=10.304)和高血压病家族史(P<0.05,OR=8.312)与阴虚阳亢型相关。结论 痰湿壅盛型是原发性高血压的主要证型,饮食偏咸是痰湿壅盛型的危险因素;家族史是肝火亢盛型、阴虚阳亢型的危险因素。

Objective To investigate the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome types of primary hypertension and its association with risk factors.Methods General information was collected from 290 patients with primary hypertension,and an unordered multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association of TCM syndrome types of primary hypertension with sex, age, body mass index, diet preference, smoking history, drinking history, and family history of hypertension. Results Phlegm-dampness stagnation was the main TCM syndrome type of primary hypertension. The univariate analysis showed that the TCM syndrome type of primary hypertension was associated with age, drinking history, the family history of hypertension, and diet preference (P<0.05). The unordered multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that with the syndrome of Yin-Yang deficiency as control, age ≤65 years [odds ratio (OR)=29.328, P <0.05] and the family history of hypertension (OR=9.499, P<0.05) were associated with liver fire exuberance;age≤65 years (OR=9.241, P<0.05) and high-salt diet (OR=4.840, P<0.05) were associated with phlegm-dampness stagnation;age≤65 years (OR=10.304, P< 0.05) and the family history of hypertension (OR=8.312, P<0.05) were associated with Yin-deficiency and Yang-hyperactivity. Conclusion Phlegm-dampness stagnation is the main syndrome type of primary hypertension, and high-salt diet is a risk factor for phlegm-dampness stagnation. Family history is a risk factor for liver fire exuberance and Yin-deficiency and Yang-hyperactivity.