107个山东小麦品种抗条锈性评价及分子标记检测

Resistance Evaluation and Molecular Detection of Resistant Genes to Stripe Rust of 107 Wheat Varieties in Shandong Province

为明确山东小麦品种对条锈病的抗性水平,选择条锈菌优势流行生理小种对107个山东小麦育成品种分别进行室内苗期抗性鉴定和田间成株期抗性鉴定,并利用与已知抗病基因(Yr5、Yr9、Yr10、Yr15、Yr18、Yr26、Yr36和Yr62)连锁的分子标记进行抗性基因检测。抗性鉴定结果表明,7个品种在苗期、25个品种在成株期对条锈菌生理小种具有中抗及以上水平,其中济宁13号表现为全生育期中抗,济麦262、烟农836、菏麦17等24个品种表现为成株期中抗或高抗。分子标记检测结果表明,携带Yr9、Yr10、Yr18和Yr62基因的品种分别有27、27、5和12个,未检测到携带Yr5、Yr15、Yr26和Yr36基因的品种。本研究还发现,2012年以前审定的山农18、德抗961、金铎1号等23个品种仍然具有较好的成株期抗性水平,而2012-2019年育成的20个品种中,仅济麦262和烟农836具有中抗及以上水平的成株期抗性。

In order to evaluate the resistance to stripe rust of wheat varieties in Shandong Province,107 wheat varieties were identified in greenhouse at seedling stage and in field at adult stage.The specific marker of stripe rust resistance genes,includingYr5,Yr9,Yr10,Yr15,Yr18,Yr26,Yr36andYr62,were used for molecular detection in the wheat varieties.The results of resistance identification showed that 58 varieties were moderately or highly resistant to stripe rust at seedling stage,and 27 varieties were moderately or highly resistant to stripe rust at adult stage,among which Jining 13 showed moderate resistance at both seedling stage and adult stage,while 24 varieties,such as Jimai 262,Yannong 836 and Hemai 17 showed moderate or high resistance at adult stage.The results of molecular marker detection showed that there were 27,27,5 and 12 varieties carryingYr9,Yr10,Yr18 andYr62genes,respectively,yetYr5,Yr15,Yr26orYr36genes were not detected in the materials.It was also found that 23 varieties approved before 2012,such as Shannong 18,Dekang 961 and Jinduo 1,still showed good resistance level,while among the 20 varieties cultivated from 2012 to 2019,only two varieties,Jimai 262 and Yannong 836,had moderate or high resistance at adult stage.