明清徽州大姓的婚配状况和族姓关系——以休宁茗洲吴氏为例

The Marriage Status and Clan Surname Relationships of Big Families in Huizhou in the Ming and Qing Dynasties——Take Mingzhou Wu Clan as An Example in Xiuning

明清时期,徽州大姓对族人的婚姻甚为重视。茗洲吴氏作为大姓宗族,其婚配状况及族姓关系颇具参考价值。文章通过对茗洲吴氏内部婚配状况及外部族姓关系的考察,研究发现该族联姻范围甚广,于数量上涉及郡望诸姓,且联姻族姓较为集中,于地域上不限于徽州。在族姓关系方面,该族以婚姻为基础,同姻亲之族合资经商,在先祖坟茔被侵占事件中与诸吴支派加以统合,重建了吴氏联盟。这表明婚姻维系了徽州的“宗族社会”关系,加强了徽州大姓之间的联结。

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,big families in Huizhou attached great importance to the marriage within the clan.As a big and powerful family,the Mingzhou Wu clan is worth reference in terms of their marriage status and clan surname relationships.The article examines the internal marriage status and external surname relationships of Mingzhou Wu clan,and finds that the scope of their intermarriage was very wide,involving various surnames within the clan,and the intermarriage clan surnames were relatively concentrated and not limited to Huizhou.In terms of clan surname relationships,the clan was based on marriage and engaged in joint business with relatives-in-law clans.In the event of the occupation of ancestral tombs,various Wu branches were collaborated to rebuild the Wu clan alliance.This indicates that marriage maintained the“clan society”of Huizhou and strengthened the connection among big families in Huizhou.