黄河流域城市产业结构升级对环境效率的影响

The impact of industrial structure upgrading on environmental efficiency in the cities of the Yellow River basin

基于2006—2019年黄河流域70个地级市的面板数据,采用超效率SBM模型和Malmquist-Luenberger指数进行环境效率测算及动态分析,并将产业结构升级分为产业结构高级化和产业结构合理化等2个维度,采用SYS-GMM模型分析产业结构升级对环境效率的影响。研究发现:黄河流域的环境效率整体偏低,其中,地市级层面呈现出东高西低的分布特征,省级层面差异较大,流域级层面呈现出波动上升的发展态势;黄河流域城市的全要素生产率呈现出波动上升的发展趋势,技术效率变化指数和技术进步变化指数均发挥重要作用;产业结构高级化对黄河流域环境效率具有显著的正向影响,产业结构合理化则影响不显著。据此提出,应进一步深化流域分工合作以增强区域产业互动,强化创新技术优势以提升技术创新效率,注重区域生态保护以强化流域辐射效应等,以推进黄河流域高质量发展。

Based on the panel data of 70 prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River basin from 2006 to 2019,this paper uses the super-efficiency SBM model and the Malmquist-Luenberger index are used to calculate and dynamically analyze the environmental efficiency.Industrial structure upgrading is divided into two dimensions:advanced industrial structure and rationalized industrial structure.In addition,SYS-GMM model is used to analyze the impact of industrial structure upgrading on environmental efficiency.It is found that the overall environmental efficiency of the cities in the Yellow River basin is relatively low.Among them,the prefecture level shows a distribution characteristic of high in the east and low in the west.There is a large difference at the provincial level,and the basin level shows a fluctuating upward development trend.The total factor productivity of the cities in the Yellow River basin shows a fluctuating upward trend and both the technical efficiency change index and the technical progress change index play an important role.The advanced industrial structure has a significant positive impact on environmental efficiency,while the rationalized industrial structure has no significant impact on environmental efficiency.Based on the results,it is proposed that the division of labor in the Yellow River basin should be further deepened to enhance regional industrial interaction,the advantages of innovative technologies should be strengthened to ensure the efficiency of technological innovation,and regional ecological protection should be emphasized to strengthen the radiation effect of the basin,so as to promote the high-quality development of the Yellow River basin.