宋人“平淡”观念下的菊花书写——以菊花赋为例

Literati’ s Pursuit of “Plainness” Concept inSong Dynasty: Taking Chrysanthemum-themed Fu as an Example

中国文人与菊花一直存在极其亲密的关系。宋人崇尚“平淡”的美学思想,菊花也被赋予了“平淡”的意蕴。北宋时期以菊花为主题的赋作大多集中书写菊花的功用,侧重于菊花朴实的实用价值,菊花多作为一个意象服务于作者的政治身份,表现出平淡的感情色彩。南宋时期的菊花赋结合理学思想,其中菊花体现出的“平淡”内涵,不仅是南宋文人的生活追求,也是他们在人格修养、士人心态上的追求。对“平淡”的追求,体现了宋代文人的审美观念。

Chinese literati love chrysanthemum.The Song people advocated the aesthetic thought of“plainness”,thus chrysanthemum was endowed with the meaning.In the Northern Song Dynasty,most of the chrysanthemum-themed Fu works focused on the function of chrysanthemum as an independent theme.Chrysanthemum was used as an image to serve the author’s political identity,showing plain emotional color.The chrysanthemum-themed Fu in the Southern Song Dynasty was combined with Neo-Confucianism.The“plain”connotation reflected by chrysanthemum was not only the life pursuit of literati in the dynasty,but also their requirements in personality cultivation and scholar mentality.The pursuit of“plainness”is the spiritual adjustment and mental balance between themselves and the society of the literati,which embodies the aesthetic belief of the literati in the Song Dynasty.