汉画像中的“射”“御”描绘及其文学印证

Depictions of “Archery”and “Chariot Driving”in Han Dynasty Portraits and Their Literary Confirmation

两汉是文学勃发、画像兴盛的时代,此期文学与画像开始发生密切关联。通过对出土汉画像和相关文学描写的分析,作者将涉及“射”“御”的画像与文字进行相互印证,梳理出与“射”“御”中有关的畋猎之礼、军事训练、娱乐和胡汉战争等不同类型图文。汉赋及汉画像都描绘大一统事业,“射”“御”又是汉代军事、战争以及社交娱乐活动的重要组成部分;二者作为文学主题和图像主题同时出现在汉代的文学叙事和图像叙事之中,甚至成为了汉代叙事艺术的时代主题。

The Han Dynasty is an era when literature flourished and portraits flourished.During this period,literature and portraits began to be closely related.Through the analysis of the unearthed Han portraits and related literary descriptions,the author mutually confirms the portraits and texts involving“archery”and“chariot driving”,and sorts out the different types of hunting rituals,military training,entertainment and Hu-Han war in the images and texts of“archery”and“chariot driving”.Both Han Fu and Han portraits depict the cause of great unification.“archery”and“chariot driving”are important components of military,war and social entertainment activities in the Han Dynasty.As literary themes and image themes,they appeared in the literary narrative and image narrative of the Han Dynasty at the same time,and even became the theme of the era of narrative art in the Han Dynasty.