陆路交通建设下传统村落空间基因多样性研究

Spatial genetic diversity of traditional villages under construction of land transportation construction

基于陆路交通建设背景,在铁路公路交通网络的基础上分析通道县传统村落可达性空间布局,并进一步以6个侗族传统村落为样本,从“空间基因”视角下识别提取坪坦河流域侗族传统村落空间基因,选取村落空间基因的丰富度、信息度、均匀度和优势度指数展开多样性研究,解析不同村落以及不同类型空间基因的多样性指标差异,结合高速铁路交通建设情况探讨外来空间基因对传统村落的影响,力图从有机整体角度克服传统村落研究的狭隘性。研究结果表明:(1)通道县侗族传统村落的可达性呈现为“核心—边缘”圈层式扩展空间布局,其可达性系数与交通路网完备程度有着紧密的联系。(2)空间基因多样性指数水平可揭示传统村落目前的保护发展状态,外来文化的影响或者自组织的现代化建设会导致本土空间基因的优势性降低或消亡。(3)传统村落交通可达性与空间基因多样性显著相关,结合实际发现陆路交通建设在给传统村落带来的不仅是经济发展、出行便利的同时,还带来了本土基因属性变异、外来基因的同质化入侵。研究成果有助于为交通建设及区域村落空间规划发展提供理论基础与科学参考,为优化传统村落宜居环境拓展研究思路。

Based on the background of land transportation construction,the accessibility spatial layout of traditional villages was analyzedin Tongdao County based on the railroad and highway transportation network.Six Dong traditional villages were taken as samples.We identified and extracted the spatial genes of Dong traditional villages in the Pingtan River Basin from the perspective of“spatial genes”,selected the richness,information,uniformity and dominance indices of village spatial genes,and analyzed the differences in spatial genes of different villages and different types of traditional villages.The study also explored the influence of foreign spatial genes on traditional villages in the context of high-speed railroad traffic construction and tried to overcome the narrowness of traditional village research from the perspective of an organic whole.The results are shown as follows.(1)The accessibility of Dong traditional villages in Tongdao County shows a spatial layout of“south is better than north”,and its accessibility coefficient is closely related to the degree of completeness of transportation network.(2)The level of spatial gene diversity index can reveal the current state of protection and development of traditional villages,and the influence of foreign culture or self-organized modernization can lead to the development of native spatial villages.(3)The level of spatial gene diversity index can reveal the current conservation and development status of traditional villages,and the influence of foreign culture or self-organized modernization construction can lead to the reduction or extinction of the dominance of native spatial genes.(4)The accessibility of traditional villages is significantly correlated with spatial gene diversity.The results of the study can help provide a theoretical basis and scientific reference for the spatial planning and development of transportation construction and regional villages and expand research ideas for optimizing the livable environment of traditional villages.