徽州传统民居天井平面几何参数对室内风环境的影响研究

Study on the Infuence of Geometric Parameters of the Plane of Huizhou Traditional Residential Patio Form on Indoor Wind Environment

以徽州传统民居天井中的气候适应性技术为研究对象,利用CFD风环境数值模拟软件,依据徽州地区传统营造的用尺逻辑和用尺技法以及测绘资料形成典型的天井几何尺寸,通过控制变量法分别改变天井面阔和进深尺寸这一对关键参数来观察室内风环境的变化情况,并通过综合评价得出整体通风性能最优的天井形态。结论主要有:徽州传统民居内风速均匀程度随天井面阔和进深尺寸的增加呈“U”形趋势变化,先减小后增加,在面阔尺寸为1丈5尺(5.25m)时,室内气流最稳定;天井面阔尺寸是影响室内风环境舒适风区面积大小的主要因素,民居内风舒适性与天井面阔和进深尺寸从整体上看呈现出正相关的联系,但当天井面阔尺寸大于2丈1尺(7.35m)时,室内舒适风区面积占比会随着进深尺度的增加先增加后降低;面阔为1丈5尺(5.25m)或者进深为合尺3尺(1.05m)的大面阔天井的综合通风性能较好。

Taking the climate adaptability technology in the atrium of Huizhou traditional residential as the research object,using the CFD wind environment numerical simulation software in compliance with the ruler logic and ruler technology traditionally built in Huizhou area and the surveying and mapping data,the typical geometric dimensions of the atrium are formed.The variation of the indoor wind environment is observed by changing the key parameters of the width and depth of the atrium,respectively,through the control variable method,and through comprehensive evaluation,the courtyard shape with superior overall performance is obtained.The main conclusions are as follows:The uniformity of wind speed in Huizhou traditional dwellings changes in a"U"shape with the increase of the width and depth of the patio,which decrease first and then increase.When the width is 1.5 feet(5.25m),the indoor air flow is the most stable.The width of the atrium is the primary factor affecting the size of the comfortable wind zone in the indoor wind environment.The indoor wind comfort of residential buildings is positively related to the width and depth of the atrium as a whole.However,when the width of the atrium is greater than 2 zhang 1 ft(7.35m),the proportion of the area of the indoor comfortable wind zone will first increase and then decrease with the increase of the depth.A large,wide patio with a face width of 1.5ft(5.25m)or a depth of 3 ft(1.05m)has a sound,of the depth.A large,wide patio with a face width of 1.5ft(5.25m)or a depth of 3 ft(1.05m)has a sound,comprehensive ventilation performance.