宁夏清水河平原生态脆弱性评价及驱动因子分析

Eco-environmental vulnerability evaluation and driving forceanalysis in Ningxia Qingshui River Plain

生态脆弱性评价是了解区域生态环境现状的重要途径,通过生态脆弱性评估,可为区域生态环境建设和可持续发展提供科学依据。以宁夏清水河平原为研究对象,基于2015年、2018年、2021年3期遥感数据,运用层次分析法、空间自相关法、主成分分析法以及地理探测器模型等对研究区生态环境脆弱性时空演变特征及其驱动因素进行综合评价。结果表明:研究区生态环境总体呈不断改善的趋势,轻度和低度生态脆弱性面积显著增加,增长率分别为20.7%和70.1%,生态环境脆弱性整体处于中度偏高脆弱等级,呈现西南低东北高的分布格局。空间自相关分析表明,研究区生态环境脆弱性分布存在一定的正相关和空间集聚性。地理探测器结果表明:降雨、TDS、蒸发、地下水埋深是影响生态环境脆弱性的主要驱动因子,其中降雨、TDS、蒸发交互作用是导致研究区生态环境脆弱性的主要驱动力。

Ecological vulnerability assessment is an important way to understand regional ecological environment.By assessing the regional ecological vulnerability,it is beneficial to provide a scientific basis for regional ecological environment construction and sustainable development.Taking Qingshui River Plain in Ningxia as an example,based on three periods of remote sensing data in 2015,2018 and 2021,the method including AHP,spatial auto-correlation,principal component analysis and geographic detector mode were used to assess the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics and driving factors of ecological environment vulnerability in the study area.The results showed that the overall ecological environment of the study area had a trend of continuous improvement,and the area of mild and low ecological vulnerability increased significantly with the growth rates of 20.7%and 70.1%respectively;the ecological environment was at a moderately high vulnerability level with the distribution pattern was low in the southwest and high in the northeast.The spatial auto-correlation analysis revealed that the environmental vulnerability indicated a positive correlation and represented a significant agglomeration.Geo-detector showed that rainfall,TDS,evaporation,and groundwater depth were the main driving factors and the interaction of rainfall,TDS,and evaporation was the main driving force for the vulnerability of the ecological environment in the study area.