基于模型的城市公交车辆NO_(x)排放研究进展

Research Progress of NO_(x) Emission from Urban Public Transport Vehicles Based on Model

公交优先的理念及公交专用道等设施的发展对NO_(x)等污染物的减排有重要意义,基于车辆、道路、交通等因素的仿真模型成为研究公交车辆污染排放的最有效工具。以城市公交车辆NO_(x)排放为研究对象,围绕公交车辆、公交专用道、公交站台3个方面对当前研究领域应用的主要排放模型进行了整理,得出当前仿真模型的发展要求需要适合本地区特点的微观模型和多种模型及算法的组合,使仿真过程和结果精准化;大量模型研究为揭示公交车辆单车排放特性提供了重要依据,耦合多要素的模型研究是当前仿真分析的主要方向;公交专用道的设置有利于改善公交车辆的工况并减少排放,相关模型的研究可进一步优化排放效益;扩散模型和微观模型等大量用于站台、道路等的优化设计,确保接送乘客的效率提高并减少NO_(x)污染。

The concept of bus priority and the development of bus lanes and other facilities are of great importance to the emission reduction of NO_(x) and other pollutants.The simulation model based on vehicle,road,traffic and other factors has become the most effective tool to study the pollution emission of bus vehicles.Taking NO_(x) emission of urban buses as research object,collates the main emission models applied in current research field from three aspects:buses,bus lanes and bus platforms,and draws the following conclusions:the development requirements of current simulation models require the combination of micro models and various models and algorithms suitable for local characteristics to make the simulation process and results accurate.A large number of model studies provide important basis for revealing the emission characteristics of buses,and the coupling multi-element model research is the main direction of current simulation analysis.The setting of bus lanes is conducive to improving the operating conditions of buses and reducing emissions.The study of relevant models can further optimize the emission benefits.A large number of diffusion models and micro models are used in the optimization design of platforms,roads,etc,in order to ensure that the efficiency of passenger transfer is improved and NO_(x) pollution is reduced.