生长调节剂对越夏香葱生长与生理特性的影响

Effects of Growth Regulators on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Over-summer Chive(Allium ascalonicum)

【目的】探明不同生长调节剂对香葱生长及生理特性的影响,为化控技术在越夏香葱种苗生产上推广应用提供参考。【方法】以大米葱为研究对象,采用田间试验方法,研究喷施等量清水(CK)、5%氨基寡糖素(A_(1):300倍液,A_(2):600倍液,A_(3):1 200倍液)、15%多效唑溶液(D_(1):100 mg/L,D_(2):50 mg/L,D_(3):25 mg/L)和0.15%芸苔素内酯(Y_(1):5 000倍液,Y_(2):10 000倍液,Y_(3):20 000倍液)对香葱生长及生理特性的影响,并对其种苗质量和产量进行综合评价。【结果】添加不同生长调节剂处理对香葱生长与生理特性的影响存在差异。5%氨基寡糖素溶液处理可显著提高香葱的叶横径、根冠比、产量和POD活性,显著降低MDA含量和CAT活性,其中,1 200倍液处理促进分蘖,600倍液处理改善品质效果更明显,300倍液处理对株高、根长、叶片长和叶横径产生抑制作用。15%多效唑溶液处理可显著提高香葱的假茎横径、壮苗指数和POD活性,显著降低干尖率和MDA含量,其中,25 mg/L、50 mg/L浓度处理可控制徒长,增加假茎横径,提高壮苗指数和产量,减少干尖发生;100 mg/L浓度处理抑制作用过大,产生药害。0.15%芸苔素内酯处理可显著提高香葱的叶横径、假茎横径、壮苗指数(20 000倍液处理除外)、产量、可溶性蛋白质含量和POD活性,显著降低干尖率、MDA含量和CAT活性。香葱种苗质量和产量综合评价隶属函数均值以喷施0.15%芸苔素内酯5 000倍液最高,为0.80;CK最低,为0.09。【结论】越夏香葱生长期用0.15%芸苔素内酯5 000倍液进行叶面喷施效果最佳,可有效增强香葱种苗抗性、提高产量、改善品质。

【Objective】The effects of different growth regulators on the growth and physiological characteristics of chive were explored to provide a reference for the application of chemical control technique in the production of over-summer chive seedlings.【Method】The effects of spraying only water(CK),5%amino-oligosaccharin(A 1:300 times dilution,A 2:600 times dilution,A 3:1200 times dilution),15%paclobutrazol(D 1:100 mg/L,D 2:50 mg/L,D 3:25 mg/L)and 0.15%brassinolide(Y 1:5000 times dilution,Y 2:10000 times dilution,Y 3:20000 times dilution)on the growth and physiological characteristics of Dami chive(a chive variety)were studied,and the seedling quality and yield were evaluated comprehensively.【Result】Adding different growth regulators had significantly different effects on the growth and physiological characteristics of chive.5%amino-oligosaccharin treatment could increase the leaf transverse diameter,root-shoot ratio,yield and POD significantly,decrease MDA content and CAT activity,among which 1200 times dilution treatment promoted tiller,600 times dilution treatment improved quality more obviously,while 300 times dilution treatment inhibited the plant height,root length,leaf length and leaf transverse diameter.15%paclobutrazol treatment could significantly increase the pseudostem transverse diameter,strong seedling index and POD activity,reduce the dry tip ratio and MDA content,among which 25 mg/L and 50 mg/L treatment could control spindling,increase the pseudostem transverse diameter,strong seedling index and yield,and decrease dry tip ratio,while 100 mg/L treatment had an excessive inhibitory effect,resulting in injury.0.15%brassinolide treatment could significantly increase leaf transverse diameter,pseudostem transverse diameter,strong seedling index(except 20000 times treatment),yield,soluble protein content and POD activity,and decrease dry tip ratio,MDA content and CAT activity.The mean value of quality and yield comprehensive evaluation membership function in chive seedlings was highest in the treatment of 0.15%brassinolide diluting 5000 times,which was 0.80,and CK was the lowest with 0.09.【Conclusion】Spraying 0.15%brassinolide diluting 5000 times in the growth period of over-summer chive had the best effect,which could enhance the resistance of seedlings,and improve the yield and quality.