我国当前资本理论研究中的若干方法问题

Several Methodological Problems in China's Current Capital Theory Research

在当前我国资本问题的研究中存在若干方法方面的问题。当前我们研究的重点应当聚焦于我国各类资本的实际,不应当试图从马克思那里寻找说明我国现阶段各类资本的共同的“定义”。G—W—G’这个公式仅是直接在流通领域内表现出来的,它只是资本运动的一个最表面和最片面的运动形式,不应当将其混同于马克思的“资本一般”和“资本本身”的概念。同时,它也不是从资本主义社会和前资本主义社会共有的“资本”中抽象出来的,不应当将其视为资本的“定义”。我国当前各类资本是在改革开放和社会主义市场经济的特殊历史条件下形成的,既有与社会主义相联系的一面,也有与资本主义社会的资本共同的一面。但它们的共同的前提,应该定格于“社会主义”这个本质规定,用它来规范和约束我国现阶段各类资本的行为。在我国公有资本的问题上,应注意内容和形式的区分。在看待资本的问题的方法上,既要遵循从一般到特殊再到个别的方法,更要从实际出发,注重对具体事物做具体的分析,下决心从个别上升到一般。经济学家要学会正确地进行理论与实际的结合,尽量不犯或少犯“经济学形式上”的错误。

There are several methodological problems in China's current research on capital issues.At present,the key of our,research should focus on the reality of all types of capital in China,and we should not try to find a common"definition"from Marx to explain the current types of capital in China.The G-W-G'formula is only expressed directly in circulation domain,as just the most superficial and.one-sided form of capital novement,and it should not be confused with.Marx's concepts of"capital in general"and"capital itself Meanwhile,it is not abstracted from the"capital common to capitalist and pre-capitalist societies,and should not be regarded as a"definition"of capital.At present,all types of capital in China have been formed under the special historical conditions of reform and opening up and the socialist market economy,and they are both related to socialism and common to capital in capitalist society in a way.However,they.should be based on the common premise of the essential stipulation of"socialism,which should be used to regulate and restrict the behavior of all types of capital in China at this stage.Regarding the issue of public capital in China,attention should be paid to the distinction between the content and the form.In terms of the method of looking at capital problems,we must not only follow the method from general to special and then to individual,but also proceed from reality and pay attention to specific analysis of specific things,as well as make up our minds to rise from individual to general.Economists should learn to correctly combine theories with practice,and try to eliminate or minimize formal mistakes in economics.