根和根茎类药材收获机械化技术现状分析

Analysis on the Status of Harvesting Mechanization Technology of Root and Rhizome Medicinal Materials

近年来,中药材产业发展迅猛,在山西、甘肃、安徽等地,相比粮食作物,中药材是其主要的增收性产业,发展中药材种植业已成为我国振兴区域经济、增加农民收入的重要途径之一。但是,目前药材种植业机械化尚处于起步阶段,机械化水平普遍还很低,其机械化水平与粮食作物相比还有很大差距,尤其是根和根茎类药材的收获环节,仍然存在着劳动强度大、作业效率低等一系列的问题。文章分析了国内根和根茎类药材种植的基本情况,探讨了用于根和根茎类药材收获的机械作业装备和作业工艺现状,以及根和根茎类药材收获机械存在的主要问题,就加快根和根茎类药材收获机械发展提出了建议。

In recent years,the Chinese herbal medicine industry has developed rapidly,compared with food crops in Shanxi,Gansu,Anhui and other places,Chinese herbal medicine is its main income-increasing industry,the development of Chinese herbal medicine planting has become one of the important ways to revitalize regional economy and increase farmers'income.However,at present,the mechanization of the planting industry of medicinal materials is still in its infancy,the mechanization level is generally very low,and the mechanization level is still a big gap compared with food crops,especially the harvest of root and rhizome medicinal materials,there are still a series of problems such as high labor intensity and low efficiency.This paper analyzed the basic situation of root and rhizome medicine planting in China,discussed the current situation of mechanical operation equipment and operation technology for root and rhizome medicine harvesting,and the main problems existing in root and rhizome medicine harvesting machinery,and put forward suggestions on speeding up the development of root and rhizome medicine harvesting machinery.