基于最小割集的L-CNG站安全生产过程火灾和爆炸分析

Analysis of Fire and Explosion in L-CNG Station Safety Production Process Basedon Minimum Cut Set

为减少和降低加气站可能引发的安全事故所造成的严重后果,本文通过对公司下属L-CNG加气站的一起罐区地基沉降及设备故障为分析案例,运用安全系统工程原理,采用事故树分析法,利用布尔代数法及近似计算公式定性分析可能引发事故的结构重要度,作出客观的科学评价。结合评价结论 ,提出了地基沉降和设备与管线超过伸缩极限引发罐区设备管线拉断爆裂进而产生天然气泄漏是造成事故的最大可能基本事件,其次,违章动火、丢弃带火星烟头、人体静电、设备静电等点火源因素也是诱发事故的重要基本事件,并提出了可行的控制措施,预防火灾和爆炸事故的发生,对今后加气站存在类似风险的安全评价具有一定的借鉴作用。

In order to reduce and reduce the serious consequences caused by safety accidents that may be caused by gas stations,this article takes the foundation settlement and equipment failure of a tank farm in L-CNG station under the company as an analysis case,applies the principle of safety system engineering,adopts the fault tree analysis method,and uses Boolean algebra method and approximate calculation formula to qualitatively analyze the structural importance that may cause accidents and make an objective and scientific evaluation.Combined with the evaluation conclusion,it is put forward that the foundation settlement and the equipment and pipeline exceeding the expansion limit cause the equipment and pipeline in the tank farm to break and burst,and then the natural gas leakage is the biggest possible basic event that causes the accident,secondly,the ignition source factors such as illegal hot work,discarding cigarette butts with Mars,human static electricity and equipment static electricity are also important basic events that induce accidents,and feasible control measures are put forward to prevent the occurrence of fire and explosion accidents,which has certain reference for the safety evaluation of similar risks in gas stations in the future.