大学生手机成瘾与抑郁的关系:孤独感的中介作用和性别调节作用

The relationship between cell phone addiction and depression among college students:the mediating role of loneliness and the moderating role of gender

目的考察大学生的手机成瘾情况对抑郁是否具有预测作用,以及预测作用表现,同时,考察孤独感和性别在手机成瘾和抑郁关系中的作用。方法采取方便抽样法选取重庆市某所高校大学生365名,使用贝克抑郁量表(BDI)、大学生手机成瘾倾向量表(MPATS)和UCLA孤独量表进行调查。回收有效问卷344份,问卷有效率为94.25%。结果344名大学生BDI得分13~52分,平均(20.23±6.60)分;UCLA孤独量表得分20~72分,平均(52.59±7.95)分;MPATS得分16~80分,平均(42.58±12.62)分。男性大学生MPATS得分明显低于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。抑郁、孤独感、手机成瘾均呈明显相关性(P<0.05)。手机成瘾对抑郁具有明显的直接预测作用,且加入中介变量孤独感后手机成瘾对抑郁的预测作用依然明显。手机成瘾对孤独感具有明显预测作用,孤独感对抑郁也具有明显预测作用。结论手机成瘾能明显正向预测大学生抑郁情绪;孤独感在手机成瘾和抑郁之间具有部分中介作用;性别对手机成瘾与抑郁具有调节作用,且调节直接路径。

Objective To examine whether and how cell phone addiction predicts depression among college students,and to examine the role of loneliness and gender in the relationship between cell phone addiction and depression.Methods A total of 365 college students from a university in Chongqing were selected using the convenience sampling method.The Beck Depression Inventory(BDI),the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale for College Students(MPATS),and the UCLA Loneliness Scale were used.A total of 344 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective rate of 94.25%.Results The BDI scores of 344 college students ranged from 13 to 52 with a mean of(20.23±6.60);the UCLA Loneliness Scale scores ranged from 20 to 72 with a mean of(52.59±7.95);and the MPATS ranged from 16 to 80 with a mean of(42.58±12.62).The MPATS scores of male college students were significantly lower than those of females,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Depression,loneliness,and cell phone addiction were all significantly correlated(P<0.05).Cell phone addiction had a significant direct predictive effect on depression,and the predictive effect of cell phone addiction on depression remained significant after adding the mediating variable-loneliness.Cell phone addiction had a significant predictive effect on loneliness,and loneliness also had a significant predictive effect on depression.Conclusion Cell phone addiction can significantly and positively predict depression among college students.Loneliness plays a partially mediating role in loneliness between cell phone addiction and depression.Gender plays a moderating effect in the depression of mobile phone addiction on depression and moderates the direct path.