苏北地区0~6岁儿童眼病筛查结果

Results of screening eye diseases in 0-6 years old children in north Jiangsu

目的分析苏北地区0~6岁儿童眼病筛查结果。方法选取2020年5月至2022年4月在徐州市第一人民医院筛查的1804例儿童进行回顾性研究,分为指南组,非指南组,斜弱视组。568例出生体质量<2000 g或出生孕周<32周的早产儿和低体重儿纳入指南组,男301例,女267例;1021例出生体质量≥2000 g或出生孕周≥32周的新生儿纳入非指南组,男603例,女418例;215例因斜弱视行眼底检查的小儿纳入斜弱视组,其中男119例,女96例;对比分析不同分组、年龄和年度变化。统计学方法采用χ^(2)检验。结果指南组眼病6种[19.01%(108/568)],其中早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)81例(14.26%);非指南组眼病18种[8.52%(87/1021)],其中ROP 21例(2.06%),两组眼病检出率和ROP检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=37.325、33.137,均P<0.05)。斜弱视组眼病23种[23.26%(50/215)]。6月龄内主要有ROP、视网膜出血、家族性渗出性视网膜病变、脉络膜色素异常、视网膜周边非压迫白等;6月~6岁龄内主要有先天性白内障、先天性青光眼、永存胚胎血管、先天性上睑下垂等。结论早期有计划的分级开展眼病筛查能有效减少儿童可避免盲和低视力发生。

Objective To analyze the results of screening eye diseases in 0-6 years old children in north Jiangsu.Methods A total of 1804 children who were screened for eye diseases at Xuzhou First People's Hospital from May 2020 to April 2022 were selected for the retrospective study.The children were divided into a guideline-based group,a non-guideline-based group,and a strabismus-amblyopia group.There were 568 cases in the guideline-based group,including 301 boys and 267 girls;their birth weight was<2000 g,or they were born<32 gestational weeks.There were 1021 cases in the non-guideline-based group,including 603 boys and 418 girls;their birth weight was≥2000 g,or they were born≥32 gestational weeks.There were 215 cases in the strabismus-amblyopia group,including 119 boys and 96 girls;they took fundus examination because of strabismus-amblyopia.The various groups,ages,and years were compared and analyzed.χ^(2) test was applied.Results In the guideline-based group,108 cases(19.01%)had 6 eye diseases;retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)developed in 81 infants(14.26%).In the non-guideline-based group,87 cases(8.52%)had 18 eye diseases;ROP developed in 21 infants(2.06%).There statistical differences in the incidences of eye diseases and ROP between the two groups(χ^(2)=37.325 and 33.137,both P<0.05).In the strabismus-amblyopia group,50 cases(23.26%)had 23 eye diseases.The main ocular disorders in the 0-6 months old infants included ROP,retinal hemorrhages,familial exudative vitreoretinopathy,choroidal pigmentation,white peripheral retina without pressure,etc.The main eye diseases in the 6 months-6 years old children included congenital cataract,congenital glaucoma,persistent fetal vasculature,congenital ptosis,etc.Conclusion Early planned grading eye disease screening system can effectively reduce the incidence of avoidable blindness and low vision in children.