支持与规范并举:促进民营资本健康发展的政治经济学分析

Both Supporting and Regulating:A Political Economy Analysis on Promoting the Healthy Development of Private Capital

资本具有逐利特性,且在逐利的过程中,一方面可以发挥促进创新、支持增长、扩大就业、增加税收等积极作用,另一方面也会产生加剧分化、形成垄断、脱实向虚、引发经济波动与经济危机等消极影响。因此,对待民营资本必须坚持支持与规范并举,使之成为社会主义市场经济发展的重要成果与重要力量。自2020年中央经济工作会议提出强化反垄断和防止资本无序扩张以来,国家针对平台经济、虚拟经济以及劳动力再生产等领域出现的问题进行整顿治理,有效遏制了资本无序扩张的势头,并初步建立起一套规范资本行为的治理体系,治理能力显著提升,治理效能逐步显现。在此基础上,需要结合短期与长期经济形势,根据资本行为规律,从“稳预期”和“稳利润”入手,进一步支持资本健康有序发展,促进民营经济发展壮大,充分发挥其积极作用,并使之成为推进中国式现代化的生力军。

Capital has the characteristic of profit-seeking,and during the process of profit-seeking,on the one hand,it can play a positive role in promoting innovation,supporting economic growth,expanding employment and increasing tax revenue,while on the other hand,it can also have negative impacts such as aggravating division,forming monopoly,diverting out of the real economy to the fictitious economy,and triggering economic fluctuations and crises.Therefore,private capital must be treated with both support and regulation,so that it can become an important achievement and a vital power in the development of socialist market economy.Since 2020,when the Central Economic Work Conference proposed strengthening anti-monopoly and preventing the disorderly expansion of capital,China has been rectifying the problems in the areas of platform economy,fictitious economy,and labor reproduction,which effectively curbed the momentum of disorderly expansion of capital and initially established a set of governance system to regulate the behavior of capital,so that the governance capacity has been significantly improved,and the effectiveness of the governance has gradually appeared.Based on this,it is necessary to take into account both short-term and long-term economic situations,and according to the law of capital behavior,focusing on"stabilizing expectations"and"stabilizing profits",to further support the healthy and orderly development of capital,and to promote the development and growth of the private economy,so as to utilize its positive role and make it a vital force for promoting Chinese path to modernization.