抑郁症相关食欲改变的临床表型与潜在机制研究进展

Research progress on clinical phenotypes and potential mechanisms of appetite changes associated with depression

抑郁症是严重且复杂的精神疾病,除情绪症状外,食欲改变是抑郁症最常见、最重要的症状之一,并且表现出增加或减少2个相反的趋势,充分体现了抑郁症的异质性。深入了解抑郁症患者食欲改变背后的机制,有助于为抑郁症的亚型分类、个体化治疗提供新的思路。目前,这方面的研究比较有限,潜在机制并未完全阐明。本文从抑郁症相关食欲改变的临床特征、潜在机制以及抗抑郁药对食欲的影响3个方面进行综述,着重从奖赏和内感受环路、内分泌、代谢及免疫炎症角度对潜在机制进行探讨,希望为今后的研究提供参考。

Major depressive disorder(MDD)is a severe and complex mental disorder.In addition to emotional symptoms,appetite changes are among the most common and significant symptoms.It manifests as an increase or decrease in appetite,reflecting the heterogeneity of depression.Understanding the mechanisms of depression-related appetite changes can provide new insight for classifying depression subtypes and personalized treatment.Previous studies in this area were limited,and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.This article provides a comprehensive review of the clinical characteristics and potential mechanisms of appetite changes in depression.The effects of antidepressants on appetite were also discussed.It focuses on exploring the potential mechanism from the perspectives of reward and interoceptive circuits,endocrine,metabolic,and immune inflammation with the hope of providing references for future research.