大学生死亡焦虑对强迫症状的影响

The effect of death anxiety on obsessive-compulsive symptoms among college students

目的探讨在新型冠状病毒感染期间大学生死亡焦虑对强迫症状的影响。方法采用方便抽样法,通过问卷星平台,向中国人民大学学生发放中文版死亡焦虑量表、不安全感心理自评量表、症状自评量表的强迫分量表和简易应对方式问卷。共回收有效问卷523份,其中女生368名,男生155名,年龄16~30(19.93±2.19)岁。通过有调节的中介模型分析不安全感在死亡焦虑与强迫症状之间可能的中介作用,以及消极应对方式的调节作用,并采用简单斜率进一步分析。结果死亡焦虑、不安全感、消极应对方式以及强迫症状之间呈两两显著正相关(r=0.12~0.40,均P<0.01)。死亡焦虑对强迫症状具有显著的正向预测作用(β=0.30,t=7.09,P<0.01),且放入中介变量不安全感后,该正向效应仍然显著(β=0.22,t=5.33,P<0.01)。消极应对方式的调节效应检验结果显示,消极应对方式对死亡焦虑与强迫症状的正向效应有显著的调节作用。简单斜率分析结果显示,相比于消极应对水平低的个体,消极应对水平偏高个体,其死亡焦虑与强迫症状的正向效应更高[简单斜率分别为0.27(P<0.01)和0.08(P=0.17)]。结论死亡焦虑通过增加不安全感引发强迫症状;同时较高水平的消极应对方式会加强死亡焦虑与强迫症状的关系。

ObjectiveThe research aims to determine the potential mediating role of psychological insecurity based on the correlation between death anxiety and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in college students during the pandemic of Covid-19 pandemic.The effects of negative coping styles were also investigated.MethodsThe objective was achieved using a convenient sampling method.There were a total of 523 participants including 368 girls and 155 boys,aged 16-30(19.93±2.19)years from Renmin University of China.Participants completed online the Chinese Version Templer Death Anxiety Scale,Self-Rating Feeling of Insecurity Scale,Symptom Checklist-90-Obsessive Compulsive and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire.Mediational analysis with multiple regression was conducted to reveal the potential roles of psychological insecurity as a mediation factor.Negative coping style was used as a moderator between death anxiety and obsessive-compulsive symptoms,and a simple slope was used to further analysis.ResultsPearson correlation analysis showed that there were significant correlations between death anxiety,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,psychological insecurity,and negative coping style(r=0.12-0.40,P<0.01).Death anxiety was positively related to obsessive-compulsive symptoms(β=0.30,t=7.09,P<0.01).This correlation remained significant when psychological insecurity was introduced as a mediating factor(β=0.22,t=5.33,P<0.01).Negative coping style could moderate the relationship of death anxiety and obsessive-compulsive symptoms.Simple slope analysis showed that a higher tendency of negative coping style was associated with the enhanced impact of death anxiety on obsessive-compulsive symptoms(simple slope=0.27,P<0.01 and simple slope=0.08,P=0.17)for high negative coping style individuals and low-score ones,respectively.ConclusionsThis research revealed that death anxiety could trigger obsessive-compulsive symptoms by increasing psychological insecurity;overall,higher levels of negative coping styles reinforce the relationship between death anxiety and obsessive-compulsive symptoms.