计划行为理论营养支持干预在食管癌患者术后护理中的应用

Application of Nutrition Support Intervention in Postoperative Care of Esophageal Cancer Patients Based on Planned Behavior Theory

目的:探讨计划行为理论营养支持干预在食管癌患者术后护理中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年10月1日~2022年10月31日郑州大学附属肿瘤医院收治的98例食管癌术后患者为研究对象,采用单双号随机分组法分为对照组和观察组各49例;对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上采用计划行为理论营养支持干预。比较两组术后免疫力相关指标[包括血清白蛋白(ALB)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)],胃肠道功能,营养认知水平,并发症发生情况。结果:观察组术后第5天ALB、IgA、IgM、IgG及护理后营养认知水平均高于对照组(P<0.05),观察组肛门排气时间、肠鸣音恢复时间、排便时间及术后并发症总发生率均少于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:计划行为理论营养支持干预在食管癌术后护理中效果满意,能提升患者术后免疫力,促进胃肠道功能恢复,提高患者对相关营养知识的认知,降低术后并发症发生风险。

Objective:To explore the application effect of nutrition support intervention based on planned behavior theory in postoperative care of esophageal cancer patients.Methods:A total of 98 patients with esophageal cancer after operation admitted to the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 1,2019 to October 31,2022 were selected as the research objects,and were divided into the control group and the observation group with 49 cases in each group by the odd-even random grouping method.The control group received routine nursing,and the observation group received nutrition support intervention based on planned behavior theory on the basis of the control group.The postoperative immunity indicators including serum albumin(ALB),immunoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin M(IgM),immunoglobulin G(IgG),gastrointestinal function,nutritional cognition level and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results:The levels of ALB,IgA,IgM,IgG and nutritional cognition level after nursing in the observation group were significantly higher on the 5th day after surgery than those in the control group(P<0.05),while the anal exhaust time,bowel sound recovery time,anal defecation time and the total incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group were less than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions:Nutrition support intervention based on the theory of planned behavior can achieve ideal nursing effect in postoperative care of esophageal cancer patients,improve their postoperative immunity,promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function,improve their cognition of related nutrition knowledge,and reduce the risk of postoperative complications.