从焦竑对李贽的影响看其在晚明性灵文学中的地位

The Role of Li Zhi's Spiritual Literature in the Late Ming Dynasty from the Perspective of the Influence from Jiao Hong to Him

焦竑与李贽交往颇深,焦竑对李贽人格心态、学术思想与文学思想均有一定程度的影响。运用文学思想史的研究方法,对焦竑与李贽撰写、编纂以及评点等文献材料进行考察可以发现,李贽在人格心态与学术思想方面发挥了焦竑注重自我的一面,形成了其狂者人格与三教合一的学术思想。焦竑在《焦氏类林》中呈现出的对人物真性情的欣赏,在很大程度上影响了李贽的《初潭集》,使得“真”成为李贽的一种重要审美倾向。焦、李二人在尊苏问题上也有很大的共性,呈现出对苏轼小品文文体的重视与对挥洒自如的文学风貌的推崇。研究证明,焦竑与李贽的交往与影响使得焦竑成为晚明性灵文学思潮的重要开启者。深入考察焦竑对李贽的影响,可以进一步认识晚明性灵文学的发展过程,对进一步厘清晚明性灵文学思潮的发展脉络具有重要意义。

Jiao Hong and Li Zhi had a deep relationship,and Jiao had a certain degree of influence on Li's personality,mentality,academic thinking,and literary thinking.By using the research method of literary thought history,it can be found that Li Zhi played a self-centered role in Jiao Hong's personality,mentality,and academic thought by examining his literary materials written,compiled,and commented on by Jiao Hong,forming his crazy personality and academic thought of integrating the three religions.Jiao Hong's appreciation of the true temperament of the characters presented in his collection of stories greatly influenced Li Zhi's academic work,making“truth”an important aesthetic tendency of Li Zhi.Jiao and Li also have great commonalities on the issue of respecting Su Shi,showing their emphasis on the style of Su Shi's essays and their admiration for the free and unrestrained literary style.Research has shown that the interaction and influence between Jiao Hong and Li Zhi made Jiao Hong an important initiator of the spiritual literary trend in the late Ming Dynasty.A thorough investigation of Jiao Hong's influence on Li Zhi can further understand the development process of the late Ming Dynasty's spiritual literature,and is of great significance for further clarifying the development trend of spiritual literature in the late Ming Dynasty.