青海油田含油污水中15种重金属元素含量检测

Detection of 15 heavy metal elements in oily wastewater from Qinghai oil field

含油污水中含有各种有害甚至有毒物质以及致癌物质。青海作为“中华水塔”,其油厂含油污水中重金属污染的监测与防范显得尤为重要。为了准确检测含油污水中金属元素的含量,本研究采用全自动消解联合电感耦合等离子体质谱法分析6个含油污水水样中15种重金属元素的含量。结果表明:15种重金属元素测得含量的相对标准偏差范围为1.36%~3.76%,加标回收率范围是97.82%~100.17%。此外,从分析结果看,6个含油污水水样中铅、砷、镍、汞4种重金属含量均高于国家规定的石油炼制工业污染物排放标准,其中青海油田采油二厂、三厂的Cd含量达到30.16±0.31 mg·L~(-1)、26.02±0.27 mg·L~(-1);三厂、四厂含油污水中的Ni含量达到25.15±0.27 mg·L~(-1)、25.19±0.27 mg·L~(-1)。

Oily sewage contains various harmful or even toxic substances as well as carcinogenic substances.In this study,automatic digestion combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)is used to analyze the content of 15 heavy metal elements in 6 oily sewage water samples from Qinghai oil field.The results show that the relative standard deviations range of the measured content of 15 heavy metal elements range from 1.36%to 3.76%,and the recoveries range from 97.82%to 100.17%.In addition,the analysis results show that the content of lead,arsenic,nickel and mercury in the six oil-bearing sewage water samples is higher than the national pollutant discharge standards for petroleum refining industry.The Cd contents in the second and third plants reaches 30.16±0.31 mg·L-1 and 26.02±0.27 mg·L-1,respectively.The Ni content in the oily sewage of the third and fourth factories reaches 25.15±0.27 mg·L-1 and 25.19±0.27 mg·L-1,respectively.