开孔型缓冲结构减缓高速磁浮列车隧道初始压缩波的特征研究

Study on characteristics of initial compression wave retarded byopen-pass buffer structure in high-speed maglev train tunnel

以国内时速600 km磁浮列车进入隧道为研究对象,基于重叠网格法和有限体积法,采用三维可压缩非定常流动N-S方程和SST k-ω湍流模型,研究开孔型缓冲结构对初始压缩波的缓减作用。研究发现:在列车驶入隧道的过程中,刚进入隧道时压缩波呈现三维特征,在距离隧道洞口约33 m处压缩波由三维波变为一维平面波。通过对比分析距离隧道入口132 m处的压力与压力梯度,得到设置缓冲结构后初始压缩波最大峰值增加5%,压力梯度降低59%。随着列车速度提高,初始压缩波的压力峰值增大,其最大压力近似与列车速度的2次方成正比,最大压力梯度近似与列车速度的3.9次方成正比。本文结果为今后进一步认识时速600 km等级的高速磁浮隧道缓冲结构效应和设计提供了可靠依据。

Based on overlapping grid method and finite volume method,three-dimensional compressible unsteady flow N-S equation and SST k-ωturbulence model are adopted to study the damping effect of the open-hole buffer structure on the initial compression wave.It is found that:in the process of the train entering the tunnel,the compression wave shows three-dimensional characteristics at the beginning of entering the tunnel,and the compression wave changes from three-dimensional wave to one-dimensional plane wave at the distance of about 33 meters away from the tunnel entrance.By comparing and analyzing the pressure and pressure gradient at 132 meters away from the tunnel entrance,it is obtained that the maximum peak value of initial compression wave increases by 5%and the pressure gradient decreases by 59%after setting the buffer structure.As the train speed increases,the pressure peak of the initial compression wave increases,and the maximum pressure is approximately proportional to the second power of the train speed,and the maximum pressure gradient is approximately proportional to the 3.9 power of the train speed.The results of this paper provide a reliable basis for further understanding the buffer structure effect and design of high-speed maglev tunnel at 600 km/h.