汉代荆州南部(郴州地区)铜器分析及所见汉代铜工业相关问题

Metallurgical Analysis of Han Bronzes from Southern Jingzhou(Chenzhou Area)and Related Issues of the Han Bronze Industry

本文选取郴州地区70多件汉代铜器进行分析。分析结果显示,大多数铜器具有汉代铜器一般特点。汉代铜器的整体情况与战国情况差异明显,在合金配比上锡含量较低且铅含量波动较大。结合手持XRF的分析,郴州汉代铜器除了以上特点,还较多出现砷、铁、硫和锑杂质元素。说明汉代铜器在原料的来源和精炼加工方式上出现了较大转变。分析所见差异也表明楚地原来的手工业生产中心在秦统一以后出现的变化。郴州地区铜器较系统的分析结果,将有助串连楚地其他已有的楚式技术铜器和汉代铜器的资料,使我们对楚地秦汉以后铜工业的变化,有更全面的认识。

This paper presents the analytical results over 70 pieces of bronzeware from the Chenzhou area,shedding light on the characteristics and evolution of Han bronzes in comparison to Warring States bronzes from the same area.The analytical findings reveal that Han bronzes exhibit traits commonly observed in other regions,while divergent from their Warring States predecessors.Specifically,the alloy compositions of Han bronzes demonstrate relatively lower levels of Sn and greater fluctuations in Pb content.Complementing the results obtained through portable XRF analysis,this study highlights the prevalence of minor elements,including As,Fe,S,and Sb,within the Han collection.These multiple lines of evidence collectively suggest significant transformations in ore sources,alloying practices,and refining techniques.Notably,these changes imply the bronze craft industry in the original Chu core region underwent significant transformations coinciding with the unification of the Qin and later Han empires.Moreover,the systematic analysis of bronzes from the Chenzhou region contributes to the synthesis of existing legacy datasets pertaining to Chu bronzes and Han bronzes,facilitating a more comprehensive understanding of the bronze industryassociated with these periods.