DNA甲基化在2型糖尿病治疗中的研究进展

Research progress of DNA methylation in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus

2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)是由胰岛素抵抗及胰岛素相对分泌不足,引起蛋白质、脂肪、电解质及代谢产物紊乱的一类慢性疾病。T2DM的发生发展与遗传及环境因素密切相关,而以DNA甲基化为代表的表观遗传调控容易受到环境因素的影响,在DNA序列不改变的情况下实现了表型的变化。因此,DNA甲基化成为联系T2DM发病机制与其环境因素、遗传因素的重要纽带。近年来,DNA甲基化与二甲双胍、阿卡波糖等药物疗效及不良反应的相关研究不断深入,使得DNA甲基化有望成为T2DM治疗的新型生物标志物。本文重点阐述DNA甲基化在T2DM治疗中的研究,首次从DNA甲基化与生活方式改变、药物或手术治疗的相互关系对相关研究进行整理归纳,以期为T2DM的治疗提供新的理论依据。

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a kind of chronic disease featured by disturbance of protein,fat,electrolyte and other metabolites caused by insulin resistance and relative insulin hyposecretion.The occurrence and development of T2DM is closely related to genetic and environmental factors,while the apparent regulation represented by DNA methylation is susceptible to environmental factors,realizing the phenotype changes without changing the DNA sequence.Therefore,DNA methylation has become an important link between the pathogenesis of T2DM and its environmental factors,genetic factors.In recent years,the research on DNA methylation and the efficacy and adverse reactions of drugs such as metformin and acarbose has deepened,making DNA methylation become a new biomarker for the treatment of T2DM.This review focuses on the research of DNA methylation in the treatment of T2DM,and summarizes recent researches based on the relationship between DNA methylation and lifestyle changes,drug or surgical treatment for the first time,providing the new theoretical basis for the treatment of T2DM.