工艺学、自由时间:人工智能时代马克思文艺思想体系的重构

Technology and Free Time:Reconstruction of Marx’s System of Thoughts on Literary and Art in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

局限于生产关系投射的意识形态观念论范畴,文艺学已不足以全面应对ChatGPT等生成式人工智能大模型正在锻造的文艺自动机器大生产方式的挑战。蒸汽机等实现了机器能量自动化,当今人工智能正在实现机器(计算机)智能自动化,引发人类生产工艺方式和生产力二次现代化革命,使物质生产必要劳动时间不断减少、剩余劳动时间和剩余产品不断增加,从而使从物质生产中游离出的自由时间越来越多,促进文艺精神生产越来越快发展;而代表生产现代化社会方式的资本,则力图把越来越多的自由时间束缚在自我增殖的封闭循环中,打破资本封闭循环而把自由时间解放出来,文艺将获得自由发展。在当今人工智能时代,打破学科壁垒,不局限于意识形态观念论范畴,结合工艺学方法论范畴和自由时间价值论范畴,全面重构马克思文艺思想体系,具有广泛而深远的重大意义。

Confined to the scope of ideological conceptualism projected by productive relations,literary and artistic theory is no longer sufficient to fully respond to the challenges of the mode of mass production of literature and art which is supported by automated machines and forged by the large models of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content such as Chat GPT.Steam engines and the like had realized the automation of machine energy,and today’s AI is automating machine(computer)intelligence,triggering a second revolution in the modernization of human production processes and productivity,leading to a constant decrease in necessary labor time for material production and an increase in surplus labor time and surplus products,thus allowing more and more free time to be released from material production and fostering the increasingly rapid development of literary and artistic spiritual production.On the other hand,capital,which represents the social way of production modernization,seeks to bind more and more free time in the closed cycle of self-multiplication;yet literature and art will be free to develop by breaking the closed cycle of capital and liberating free time.In the current era of Artificial Intelligence,it is of broad and far-reaching significance to break down the disciplinary barriers,not to be limited to the scope of ideological conceptual theory,and combine the methodological category of Technology and the axiological category of free time to comprehensively reconstruct Marx’s system of thoughts on literature and art.