基于流域单元视角下的村庄分类方法研究与空间发展布局指引——以山东栖霞市为例

Research on Village Classification Methods and Spatial Development Layout Guidelines from the Perspective of Watershed Units:Taking Qixia City, Shandong Province as an Example

村庄分类布局是国土空间总体规划的重要组成部分,是乡村振兴的重要组成抓手,也是集约化发展背景下建设用地增减挂钩指标的重要来源,科学制定村庄类型具有重要的现实意义。本文通过对栖霞市840个行政村进行现状调查,构建“潜力——成本”的二元村庄评价体系,应用层次分析法(AHP)确定各项指标权重,使用ArcGIS空间分析功能进行加权分析,得出村庄分类初步结论,并以当地流域单元作为重要空间地理边界,对空间内的村庄类型进行细化调整,提出村庄整合、发展建设策略。本文对栖霞市村庄分类布局调整或同类型山地丘陵地区的村庄分类布局优化调整具有重要的参考价值和借鉴意义。

The classification and layout of villages is an important component of the overall planning of national land space,an important component of rural revitalization,and an important source of indicators for linking the increase and decrease of construction land in the context of intensive development.The scientific formulation of village types has important practical significance.This article conducts a survey on the current situation of 840 administrative villages in Qixia City,constructs a binary village evaluation system of"potential cost",applies Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)to determine the weights of various indicators,uses ArcGIS spatial analysis function for weighted analysis,and obtains a preliminary conclusion on village classification.Local watershed units are used as important spatial geographical boundaries to refine and adjust the types of villages in the space.And village integration development and construction strategies are proposed.This article has important reference value and significance for the adjustment of village classification layout in Qixia City or the optimization and adjustment of village classification layout in the same type of mountainous and hilly areas.