湖南何家皂北宋墓出土纺织品附着灰蓝色物质的科学分析

Scientific analysis of the pale-blue substance on textiles excavated from the Hejiazao Song Tomb,Hunan Province

出土于湖南衡阳何家皂北宋墓的纺织品上观察发现有灰蓝色固体物质附着,为查明其性质,采用扫描电镜-能谱法、激光拉曼光谱法和X射线衍射法结合能量色散X射线荧光光谱法和光学形貌观察等手段进行科学分析。结果表明,该物质为磷酸亚铁矿物——蓝铁矿[Vivianite:Fe_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)·8H_(2)O],其多形成于富铁、富磷、有机物含量较高且贫硫的缺氧还原沉积环境中,微生物活动亦对其生成有影响。该矿物的发现对墓葬环境特征与保存状态的研究有指示意义,在考古遗存中或可作为判断特殊埋藏条件的标志自生矿物之一。

A kind of pale-blue substance was found on ancient textiles excavated from the Hejiazao Song Tomb in Hengyang,Hunan Province.In this study,we used a combination of SEM-EDS,LRS,XRD,XRF and OM for analysis.The results show that the substance was a ferrous phosphate mineral—vivianite[Fe_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)·8H_(2)O],which is mostly formed under a reducing and sulfur-deficient but iron and phosphorus-rich environment.Microbial activities also affect its formation.The discovery of this mineral is instructive for studying the preservation state and environmental characteristics of the tomb.This mineral may be used to judge special burial conditions of archaeological remains.