鲁南地区水稻干尖线虫病防控技术研究

Research on the Control Technology of Rice White-tip Nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi in Southern Shandong

为了明确郯城县水稻“植株矮缩叶片背卷”症状的发生原因,采用生物学鉴定明确“植株矮缩叶片背卷”是水稻干尖线虫导致的非典型症状之一,在稻田初现时间集中在7月中下旬至8月中上旬;2017—2021年郯城县水稻干尖线虫病发生总面积达6133.33 hm^(2),造成损失达938.92 t;水稻干尖线虫会减少水稻上三叶叶面积(36.72%、27.63%、25.83%),降低株高(14.72%)、穗长(20.30%)、穗粒数(46.68%)、千粒重(18.85%)和单产(48.63%)。采用41.7%氟吡菌酰胺SC 10~160 mL/100 kg种子进行浸种和100~800 mL/100 kg种子包衣处理皆安全并可有效减少水稻干尖线虫发生,防效分别为82.34%~95.82%和97.00%~100%。阐述了郯城县水稻干尖线虫新的隐性症状和危害情况,并提出了新的防治措施。

In order to clarify the causes of the symptoms of“plant dwarf leaf back curl”in rice in Tancheng County,biological identification was used in this study to confirm that“plant dwarf leaf back curl”was one of the atypical symptoms caused by the rice white-tip nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi,the initial appearance time of rice fields was concentrated in the middle and late July to the middle and early August;from^(2)017 to 2021,the total area of rice white-tip nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi in Tancheng County reached 6133.33 hm^(2),resulting in an actual loss of 938.92 tons.Rice white-tip nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi reduced the area of upper three leaves(36.72%,27.63%,25.83%),plant height(14.72%),ear length(20.30%),grain number per ear(46.68%),1000-grain weight(18.85%)and yield(48.63%).The use of 41.7% fluopyram SC 10-160 mL/100 kg seed soaking and 100-800 mL/100 kg seed coating treatments were both safe and could effectively reduce the occurrence of rice nematodes,with control effects of 82.34%-95.82% and 97.00%-100%.This study expounds the new recessive symptoms and damages of rice white-tip nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi in Tancheng County,and proposes new control measures.