单原子催化剂的制备方法

Preparation Methods of Single-atom Catalyst

日益严重的全球能源短缺和环境污染问题受到国际社会的高度关注,绿色和清洁能源的转换技术,成为人类对可持续、可再生的环保能源(包括风能和太阳能)的必然要求。电催化剂对新一代能源系统如燃料电池、金属-空气电池和金属-离子电池等的大规模应用至关重要。随着研究的不断深入,目前最热门且高效的电催化剂当属单原子催化剂。但传统非均相催化剂中贵金属的稀缺性,提高了生产成本,为此探索使用高效耐用的非贵金属催化剂引起了研究者的广泛关注。本文综述了近年来单原子催化剂的制备方法及研究的相关进展。

In recent years,the increasingly serious global energy shortage and environmental pollution problems had been highly concerned by the international community.Therefore,the conversion technology of green and clean energy had become an inevitable requirement for sustainable,renewable and environmentally friendly energy(including wind and solar energy)by humans.Electrocatalysts were crucial for the large-scale application of next-generation energy systems such as fuel cells,metal-air batteries and metal-ion batteries in the modern economy.Among them,with the continuous research,the most popular and efficient electrocatalysts so far belonged to single-atom catalysts.However,the scarcity of precious metals in traditional heterogeneous catalysts had increased the production cost.So the exploration and use of efficient and durable non noble metal catalysts was attracted extensive attention of researchers.In this paper,the preparation methods and research progress of single-atom catalysts in recent years were introduced and summarized.