基于目标距离法的锂离子动力电池环境影响评价

Environmental Impact Assessment of Lithium-ion Power Battery Based on Target Distance Method

为实现汽车行业节能减排及绿色发展,应对锂离子动力电池进行环境影响评价。建立基于“中国政策目标距离”的生命周期环境影响评价体系,采用目标距离法确定环境影响评价指标的基准值和权重系数,并结合锂离子动力电池生命周期评价系统(LIB-LCA)对磷酸铁锂电池、镍钴锰酸锂电池、锰酸锂电池进行环境影响评价。结果表明:镍钴锰酸锂电池生命周期综合环境影响负荷最大,磷酸铁锂电池化石燃料与电力消耗最大,酸化和人体毒害是锂离子动力电池生命周期环境影响中主要的两种环境损害方式。

In order to achieve energy conservation,emission reduction and green development of the automobile industry,environmental of impact assessment of lithium-ion power batteries should be carried out.Through establishing a life cycle environmental impact assessment system based on"China′s policy target distance",the target distance method is used to determine the baseline value and weight coefficient of the environmental impact assessment index,and combined with LIB-LCA,the environmental impact assessment of lithium phosphate battery,lithium nickel cobalt manganate battery and lithium manganate battery was carried out.The evaluation results show that∶Lithium nickel cobalt manganate battery life cycle comprehensive environmental impact load is the largest,lithium phosphate battery fossil fuel and power consumption is the largest,acidification and human toxicity are the main environmental damage in the life cycle environmental impact of lithium ion power battery.