孟德斯鸠在《论法的精神》中的自由观念与实践构想

Montesquieu's Conception of Freedom and Practical Conception in the Spirit of Law

自由是实行法治的目的之一,也是立法者的价值判断标准之一。孟德斯鸠作为具有代表性和时代性的法学家,其在《论法的精神》中从哲学政治学、社会学等多方面表达了对自由、政治自由的见解,提出了以分权和制衡为特点的“英格兰政体”这一维系和实现政治自由的法学方案。

Freedom is an eternal topic of philosophy and an important value orientation throughout the study of law.Freedom is one of the purposes of the implementation of the rule of law,but also one of the value judgment standards of lawmakers,only out of the scope of law can we truly understand"what is freedom","the importance of freedom","why to pursue freedom"and other issues.In the Spirit of Law,Montesquieu expressed his views on freedom and political freedom from many aspects,such as philosophy,politics and sociology,and proposed a legal scheme on how to maintain and realize political freedom--the"English polity"characterized by separation of powers and checks and balances.