未成年人个人信息保护特殊规则的实施困境及对策

The Implementation Dilemma and Countermeasures of Special Rules for the Protection of Personal Information of Minors

不满14周岁未成年人个人信息保护的三个特殊规则事关保护未成年人个人信息权益、落实未成年人个人信息处理合规义务以及监护人切实履行监护职责。文章从制度规范的角度剖析三个特殊规则的条文内容、制度内涵、法理依据以及实施要求,并分析三个特殊规则面临的实施困境。提出明确处理未成年人个人信息的前提条件,调整未成年人敏感个人信息范畴,建立专门的未成年人用户年龄验证管理平台,允许已满8周岁不满14周岁未成年人行使有限的个人信息自决权,明确专门的个人信息处理规则的设立标准和适龄化要求,以切实保护未成年人个人信息权益,保障未成年人在信息化网络时代的健康发展。

The three special rules for the protection of minors’personal information under the age of 14 are related to the protection of minors’rights and interests in personal information,the implementation of compliance obligations for minors’personal information pro-cessing,as well as guardians’effective performance of guardianship duties.This paper first analyzes the content,connotation,legal basis and implementation requirements of the three special rules from the perspective of institutional norms and then analyzes the imple-mentation difficulties faced by the three special rules.The article puts forward suggestions on clarifying the preconditions for handling minors’personal information,adjusting the scope of minors’sensitive personal information,establishing a special age verification management platform for minors,allowing minors between the ages of 8 and 14 to exercise their limited self-determination rights of per-sonal information,defining the standards and age-appropriate requirements of special personal information processing rules,so as to effectively protect minors’personal information rights and interests and ensure the healthy development of minors in the information era.