减重手术后1年患者饮食行为现状及影响因素分析

Current status of dietary behavior of patients after barbaric surgery for 1 year and and its influencing factors

目的 了解患者在腹腔镜下袖状胃切除术后1年时的饮食行为及减重效果现况,并探讨影响患者饮食行为的因素。方法 采取方便抽样法,选取2018年6月-2020年3月在我院接受腹腔镜下袖状胃切除手术治疗的患者102例,采用减重患者一般情况调查表和中文版荷兰进食行为问卷(DEBQ)比较术前及术后1年时患者的饮食行为及体重变化,并采用“自我控制量表(SCS)”和“正性负性情绪量表”分析影响患者术后1年时饮食行为的因素。结果 (1)手术后1年时BMI显著低于术前(P<0.001);手术后1年时限制性饮食分数明显高于术前(P<0.001),外因性饮食分数和情绪性饮食分数均低于术前(P<0.001)。(2)二分类logistic回归分析发现:减重手术后1年时,负性情绪[OR=0.698,95%CI(0.580,0.839),P<0.001]及抵御诱惑[OR=1.576,95%CI(1.037,2.396),P=0.033]对饮食行为有影响。结论 腹腔镜下袖状胃切除手术后1年的患者在BMI方面相较于术前有较大幅度的下降;在饮食行为方面相较于术前也能得到较好的改善,提高了患者的饮食行为,形成了较好的饮食习惯,但术后1年时是易复胖的阶段,因此,后续给予干预措施时需注重对情绪的调节和加强抵制诱惑能力的干预来维持较好的饮食行为,并较好保持体重。

Objective To observe the dietary behavior and weight loss effect of patients after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for 1 year,and to explore the influencing factors of their dietary behavior.Method A total of 102 patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in our hospital from June 2018 to March 2020 were selected by the convenient sampling method.The general information questionnaire of weight loss patients and the Chinese version of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire(DEBQ)were used to compare their dietary behavior and weight changes before and 1 year after surgery.The factors affecting their dietary behavior at 1 year after surgery were analyzed by using the"Self Control Scale(SCS)"and the"Positive and Negative Emotion Scale".Result(1)Body mass index(BMI)of patients at 1 year after surgery was significantly lower than those before surgery(P<0.001);In all aspects of dietary behavior,the scores of restricted diet at 1 year after surgery were significantly higher than those before surgery(P<0.001),and the scores of exogenous diet and emotionality diet at 1 year after surgery were lower than those before surgery(P<0.001).(2)The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that negative emotions had a statistically significant impact on dietary behavior at 1 year after weight loss surgery(OR=0.698,95%CI was 0.580~0.839,P<0.001),and resisting temptation also had a statistically significant impact on dietary behavior(OR=1.576,95%CI was 1.037~2.396,P=0.033).Conclusion Patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for 1 year show a significant decrease in BMI compared to before surgery;In terms of dietary behavior,it can also be better improved compared to before surgery,improving the patient's dietary behavior,and forming good dietary habits.However,one year after surgery is a stage of easy weight gain.Therefore,in the subsequent intervention measures,it is necessary to pay attention to emotional regulation and strengthen the intervention of the ability to resist temptation so as to maintain good dietary behavior and weight.