美国联邦政府主导的基础研究战略方向调整的历史演变与走势

The Historical Evolution and Trend of the Strategic Direction of Federal Government-Led Basic Research in US

【目的】研究美国联邦政府主导的基础研究战略方向的变化规律,为推动我国科技创新发展提供参考方案。【方法】从基础研究法律文献、政府基础研究经费分配和相关政府科技报告3个维度进行深入分析。【结果】美国联邦政府主导的基础研究战略方向调整具有明显的组织科研特征。【结论】美国联邦政府主导的基础研究本身就是国家战略性研究,学科方向呈现从发散到集中的态势。

[Objective]Evolution of the strategic direction of federal government-led basic research in the United States is studied in order to provide a reference plan for promoting China’s development of scientific and technological innovation.[Methods]This paper mainly conducts an in-depth analysis from the three dimensions:basic research legal documents,federal funding for basic research,and related government technology reports.[Results]The adjustment of the strategic direction of federal government-led basic research in the United States has obvious characteristics of organizational scientific research.[Conclusions]The federal government-led basic research in the United States itself is a kind of national strategic research,and the evolution of its direction presents a trend from divergence to concentration.