妊娠晚期胎儿生长受限的影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors of fetal growth restriction in late pregnancy

目的:分析妊娠晚期胎儿生长受限(FGR)的影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2020年11月至2022年7月该院收治的96例妊娠晚期FGR孕妇的临床资料,设为研究组,另收集同期96例妊娠晚期非FGR孕妇的临床资料,设为对照组。比较两组临床资料,采用多因素Logistic回归分析妊娠晚期孕妇发生FGR的影响因素。结果:研究组合并妊娠高血压、妊娠糖尿病、贫血、羊水过少者占比均高于对照组,血清促血管生成素-2(Ang-2)、维生素B_(12)、叶酸水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);合并妊娠高血压、妊娠糖尿病、贫血、羊水过少是妊娠晚期孕妇发生FGR的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05);血清Ang-2、维生素B_(12)、叶酸水平高是妊娠晚期孕妇发生FGR的保护因素(OR<1,P<0.05)。结论:合并妊娠高血压、妊娠糖尿病、贫血、羊水过少是妊娠晚期孕妇发生FGR的危险因素,血清Ang-2、维生素B_(12)、叶酸水平高是妊娠晚期孕妇发生FGR的保护因素。建议孕妇积极预防妊娠期合并症,定期监测血清Ang-2、维生素B_(12)、叶酸水平,发现异常及时干预,以预防FGR发生。

Objective:To analyze influencing factors of fetal growth restriction(FGR)in late pregnancy.Methods:The clinical data of 96 pregnant women with FGR in the third trimester admitted to the hospital from November 2020 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed and set as the study group;the clinical data of 96 pregnant women without FGR in the third trimester were also collected and set as the control group.The clinical data of the two groups were compared.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed on the influencing factors of FGR in the pregnant women in late pregnancy.Results:The proportions of the patients with gestational hypertension,gestational diabetes,anemia and oligohydramnios in the study group were higher than those in the control group;the levels of serum angiopoietin-2(Ang-2),vitamin B_(12)and folic acid were lower than those in the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Gestational hypertension,Gestational diabetes,anemia,oligohydramnios were risk factors for FGR in late pregnancy(OR>1,P<0.05),and high levels of serum Ang-2,Vitamin B_(12)and folic acid in the pregnant women were the protective factors(OR<1,P<0.05).Conclusions:Gestational hypertension,gestational diabetes,anemia,oligohydramnios are the risk factors for FGR in late pregnancy,and high levels of serum Ang-2,vitamin B_(12)and folic acid in the pregnant women are the protective factors.It is recommended that the pregnancy complications should be actively prevented,the serum Ang-2,vitamin B_(12),and folic acid levels should be regularly monitored,and timely intervention should be taken when abnormalities are found in order to prevent FGR.