追踪营养护理在食管癌放射治疗患者中的应用效果

Application effects of follow-up nutrition nursing in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing radiotherapy

目的:观察追踪营养护理在食管癌放射治疗(放疗)患者中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2021年7月至2022年3月在该院行放疗的70例食管癌患者的临床资料,按照护理方法不同将其分为对照组和观察组各35例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上予以追踪营养护理。比较两组护理前后营养指标[体质量指数(BMI)、血清白蛋白(ALB)、血红蛋白(Hb)]、Karnofsky功能状态(KPS)评分、负性情绪[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)]评分、住院患者营养风险筛查表(NRS-2002)评分及并发症发生率。结果:护理3个月后,观察组BMI、ALB评分、Hb水平及KPS评分均高于对照组,NRS-2002、SAS、SDS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率为8.57%(3/35),低于对照组的28.57%(10/35),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:追踪营养护理用于食管癌放疗患者可提高其BMI、ALB水平、Hb水平及生命质量,降低其营养不良风险、负性情绪及并发症发生率。

Objective:To observe application effects of follow-up nutrition nursing in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing radiotherapy.Methods:The clinical data of 70 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent radiotherapy in this hospital from July 2021 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different nursing methods,they were divided into control group and observation group,35 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing,while the observation group was given follow-up nutrition nursing on the basis of that of the control group.The nutritional indicator levels[body mass index(BMI),serum albumin(ALB),hemoglobin(Hb)],the Karnofsky performance status(KPS)score,negative mood[aelf-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS)]score,the nutritional risk screening(NRS-2002)score,and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups before and after the nursing.Results:After 3 months of nursing,the levels of BMI,ALB,Hb and KPS score in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,the scores of NRS-2002,SAS and SDS were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the incidence of complications in the observation group was 8.57%(3/35),which was lower than 28.57%(10/35)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The follow-up nutrition nursing for the patients with esophageal cancer undergoing radiotherapy can improve their BMI,ALB,Hb levels and quality of life,and reduce the risk of malnutrition,the degree of bad mood and the incidence of complications.