石墨炔基材料在重金属吸附与检测中的研究进展

Research Progress of Graphdiyne-based Materials in Heavy Metals Adsorption and Detection

重金属污染具有广泛性、长期性和隐蔽性等特点,会导致严重的生态安全、食品安全和人体健康问题。在环境重金属污染监测和治理中,碳纳米材料是最常用的高效富集材料之一。在诸多碳基纳米材料中,石墨炔是一种含有sp和sp 2杂化态的新型二维碳材料,其特有的炔键结构与金属离子有很强的相互作用,使得它在重金属研究领域有着广阔的应用前景。对石墨炔的合成技术以及石墨炔基材料在重金属吸附与检测中的研究和应用情况进行了综述,探讨了其与重金属离子之间相互作用的机制,并对其在重金属吸附和检测领域潜在的应用方向进行了展望。

Heavy metal pollution is widespread,long-term and hidden,which can lead to serious problems including ecological safety,food safety and human health.Carbon nanomaterial is one of the most commonly used high-efficiency enrichment materials in monitoring and controlling heavy metal pollution in the environment.Among various carbon-based nanomaterials,graphdiyne is a new type of two-dimensional carbon material containing sp and sp 2 hybrid states.Especially,the unique alkyne bond structure of graphdiyne has strong interactions with metal ions,demonstrating a promising application prospect for the absorption and monitoring of heavy metals.In this work,the synthesis technologies of graphdiyne and the studies and applications of graphdiyne-based materials in heavy metal adsorption and detection were reviewed.The interaction mechanism between graphdiyne and heavy metal ions was discussed,and the potential application fields for heavy metal adsorption and detection were prospected.