基于格子玻尔兹曼方法的重载机车齿轮箱内部压力场特性研究

Study of Internal Pressure Field Characteristics in Gearboxes of a Heavyhaul Locomotive Based on the Lattice Boltzmann Method

为了研究压力场特性对重载机车齿轮箱润滑和密封的影响规律,基于计算流体动力学和格子玻尔兹曼方法,建立了考虑通气孔处密封结构的齿轮箱内部压力场仿真模型;通过仿真结果与试验数据对比分析,验证了仿真模型的正确性;基于该模型,研究了不同因素对齿轮箱内部压力场的影响规律。结果表明,齿轮转速和转向对齿轮箱内部压力场影响较大,所有监测点处的压差均值或压力均值的绝对值与齿轮转速成正相关且非线性变化;齿轮转向会改变齿轮啮合区上侧和下侧两点的压差,其压差在齿轮正转时更大,齿轮转向对其他监测点的压力影响也较大;从动齿轮浸油深度和润滑油温度(动力黏度)对齿轮箱内部压力场影响较小。研究结果可为机车的运营维护和润滑油的合理配置提供理论依据。

In order to study the effect of pressure field characteristics on the lubrication and sealing of a heavy-haul locomotive gearbox,a simulation model of the gearbox internal pressure field is established by con‐sidering the sealing structure at the vent based on the computational fluid dynamics and the lattice Boltzmann method.Then the simulated results extracted at the vent are compared with the test data to verify the correctness of the simulation model.At last,the influence law of different factors on the gearbox internal pressure field is studied with this validated simulation model.The results show that the gear speed and gear steering have a great effect on the internal pressure field of the gearbox.The absolute values of the mean pressure difference or the mean values of the pressure at all the monitoring points are positively and nonlinearly correlated with the gear speed.The change of the gear steering will change the pressure difference between the upper and lower points of the gear meshing area.The pressure difference is larger when the gear rotates forward,and the gear steering also has a great impact on the pressure of other monitoring points.However,the immersion depth of the driven gear and the lubricating oil temperature(dynamic viscosity)have little effect on the gearbox internal pressure field.It can provide a theoretical basis for the operation and maintenance of the locomotive and the rational allocation of the lubricating oil.