基于高通量测序分析土层与间伐强度对辽东山区红松人工林真菌群落的影响

Effects of soil layer and thinning intensity on fungal community of Pinus koraiensis plantation in Liaodong mountain area based on high-throughput sequencing

[目的]探究不同土层和间伐强度对辽东山区红松人工林林下土壤真菌的影响。[方法]采用Illumina-Miseq高通量测序技术,分别测定对照组(不间伐)、弱度区、中度区、强度区和极强度区的表层(0~10cm)及亚表层(10~20cm)林地土壤。[结果]共获得572932条高质量ITS序列,在97%序列相似性基础上可划分为9329个OTUs;优势菌门有担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、被孢霉门(Mortierellomycota)、罗茨菌门(Rozellomycota)、毛霉门(Mucoromycota)、壶菌门(Chytridiomycota)、球囊菌门(Glomeromycota)和分类不明确的门。排名前10的优势菌属有蜡壳耳属(Sebacina)、被孢霉菌属(Mortierella)、红菇属(Russula)、乳牛肝菌属(Suillus)、Geminibasidium、白环蘑属(Leucoagaricus)、角孢革菌属(Tylospora)、鹅膏菌属(Amanita)、Delastria、口蘑属(Tricholoma);表层真菌丰富度大于亚表层;不同间伐强度的土壤真菌种群丰富度表现为极强度区>弱度区>对照组>强度区>中度区;方差分析结果显示,不同土层和间伐强度在门水平上相对丰度均无显著差异,在属水平上,不同土层在白环蘑属(Leucoag-aricus)和角孢革菌属(Tylospora)的相对丰度间存在显著差异,不同间伐强度在白环蘑属(Leucoagaricus)、鹅膏菌属(Amanita)和口蘑属(Tricholoma)的相对丰度间均存在显著差异;表层与亚表层、极强与弱度区真菌物种组成相近,极强与弱度区和对照组相近程度高于中度和强度区。[结论]在辽东山区红松人工林中,间伐强度及土层可在一定程度上影响林下土壤真菌在丰富度、多样性和物种组成。

[Objective]The study aimed to explore the effects of different soil layers and tending and thinning intensities on soil fungi under Pinus koraiensis plantation in Liaodong mountain area.[Method]Ilunima-Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to deter-mine the soil surface layer(0-10 cm)and subsurface layer(10-20 cm)of different thinning degrees.[Result]A total of 572932 high-quality ITS sequences were obtained,which could be divided into 9329 OTUs on the basis of 97%sequence similarity;The dominant phyla included Basidiomycota,Ascomycota,Mortierellomycota,Rozellomycota,Mucoromycota,Chytridiomycota,Glomeromycota and the phyla with unclear classification.The top 10 dominant bacterial genera were Sebacina,Mortierela,Russula,Sullus,Geminibasidum,Leucoagaricus,Tylospora,Amanita,Delastria,Tricholoma;The abundance of fungi on the surface layer was higher than that on the subsurface layer;The richness of soil fungal population with different thinning intensities showed the extreme intensity area>the weak intensity area>the control group>the intensity area>the medium area;The results of variance analysis showed that there was no significant difference in relative a-bundance between different soil layers and different thinning intensities at the gate level.At the genus level,there were significant differences in the relative abundance of Leucoagaricus and Tylospora in the two soil layers,and there were significant differences in the relative abun-dance of Leucoagaricus,Amanita and Tricholoma in different thinning intensities;The species composition of fungi in the surface layer and subsurfacelayer,the extremely strong and weak regions and the control group were similar,and thesimilarity between theextremely strong and weak regions and the control group was higher than that in the moderate and strong regions.[Conclusion]In P.koraiensis plantation in Liaodong mountain area,thinning intensity and soil layer can affect the richness,diversity and species composition of soil fungi under the forest to a certain extent.