抽吸术联合微波消融术治疗甲状腺良性实体结节的疗效分析

Analysis of the Efficacy of Aspiration Combined with Microwave Ablation in the Treatment of Benign Solid Thyroid Nodules

目的探讨抽吸术联合微波消融术治疗甲状腺良性实体结节的安全性和有效性。方法选取2022年1—5月于成都医学院第二附属医院·核工业四一六医院接受超声引导下甲状腺实体结节抽吸术联合微波消融术治疗的94例(94个结节)甲状腺良性实体结节患者为研究对象。在治疗后第1个月和第3个月分别记录患者甲状腺结节体积变化、结节体积缩小率(VRR)及并发症发生情况。结果甲状腺实体结节抽吸术毕甲状腺结节体积缩小>50%,再配合微波消融止血,术后第3个月VRR(61.24±6.85)%明显大于术后第1个月VRR(54.40±12.50)%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患者治疗期间或治疗后均未观察到严重并发症;5例(5.3%)患者出现暂时性声音改变,并在3个月内恢复。94个结节治疗后,1个(1.1%)出血,2个(2.1%)术后感染,3个(3.2%)术后积液,所有结节在短期随访时体积进一步减小。结论超声引导下抽吸术联合微波消融术治疗甲状腺良性实体结节安全有效,并发症少,且肿块明显缩小。

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of aspiration combined with microwave ablation in the treatment of benign solid thyroid nodules.Methods A total of 94 patients(94 nodules)with benign solid thyroid nodules who received ultrasound-guided aspiration combined with microwave ablation for the treatment of solid thyroid nodules in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College(also known as Nuclear Industry 416 Hospital)from January 2022 to May 2022 were selected as the study objects.The changes in thyroid nodule volume,nodule volume reduction rate(VRR),and complications were recorded at 1 month and 3 months after treatment,respectively.Results The volume of thyroid nodules decreased by more than 50%after aspiration.And then combined with microwave ablation for hemostasis,the VRR at 3 months after surgery(61.24±6.85)%was significantly higher than that at 1 month after surgery(54.40±12.50)%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).No serious complications occurred during or after treatment.Five patients(5.3%)had temporary voice changes that resolved within 3 months.Of the 94 nodules treated,only 1(1.1%)had hemorrhage,2(2.1%)had postoperative infection,and 3(3.2%)had postoperative effusion.And all nodules further decreased in volume at short-term follow-up.Conclusion Ultrasound-guided aspiration combined with microwave ablation is safe and effective in the treatment of benign solid thyroid nodules,with few complications and significant reduction in nodule volume.