矿物型土壤调理剂用量对设施黄瓜生长、品质及土壤性状的影响

Effects of different rates of mineral soil conditioner on plant growth,quality and soil property of greenhouse cucumber

为探讨矿物型土壤调理剂在设施黄瓜上的应用效果及对土壤综合肥力的影响,通过施用不同用量的矿物型土壤调理剂对德瑞特2号黄瓜农艺性状、产量、品质及土壤综合肥力等指标的变化情况进行了分析。结果表明,与习惯施肥相比,施用该调理剂可提高黄瓜产量和土壤肥力水平,改善黄瓜农艺性状和品质。习惯施肥+1125 kg·hm^(-2)矿物型土壤调理剂(T1125)处理显著增加了黄瓜产量,增产率达7.96%。土壤肥力方面,与CK相比,T1125处理土壤pH值及有效磷、速效钾、有机质、交换性钙含量显著增加,土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著提高,碱性磷酸酶活性显著降低。果实品质方面,与CK相比,T1125处理黄瓜维生素C和可溶性糖含量均显著增加,黄瓜可滴定酸含量降低。综合各处理结果和指标的相关性分析,该调理剂的施用能有效调节设施黄瓜土壤的酸碱度,提升土壤肥力水平,进而提高作物产量和改善作物品质。其中,T1125处理效果最佳。

In order to explore utilization of mineral soil conditioner in horticultural cucumber production and its influence on soil fertility,the agronomic characteristics,yield,quality(vitamin C,soluble sugar,soluble solids,titratable acid),and soil chemical properties(pH,organic matter,alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,exchangeable calcium and magnesium),soil enzymes(urease,catalase,and phosphatase)of cucumber(variety Deruite 2)were analyzed by applying different rates of mineral soil conditioner.The results showed that compared with conven-tional fertilization,the application of mineral soil conditioner could effectively increase cucumber yield,had improve agronomic traits and quality of cucumber and enhanced soil fertility.Particularly,conventional fertilization+1125 kg·hm^(-2) mineral soil conditioner(T1125)increased yield significantly,with its plot yield 7.96%higher than that of conventional fertilization(CK).In terms of soil fertility,T1125 treatment has significantly increased soil pH,soil available phospho-rus,potassium content,organic matter and exchangeable calcium content,and also significantly increased the activities of soil urease and catalase,but it significantly reduced the activity of alkaline phosphatase compared with conventional fertil-ization.In addition,in terms of cucumber quality,T1125 treatment significantly increased the content of vitamin C and soluble total sugar in cucumber,and reduced the content of titratable acid in cucumber compared with conventional fertil-ization.According to the results of all treatments and the correlation analysis,the application of mineral soil conditioners can effectively regulate the acidity and alkalinity of greenhouse cucumber soil,improve soil nutrient content,and soil en-zyme activity,thus increasing cucumber yield and quality.This mineral conditioner also provides a new technical scheme for the improvement and utilization of acidic soil.