清代阳圪塔村的社会与信仰--以明清洛宁碑刻为中心的考察

Society and Beliefs of Yanggeda Village:Focusing on the Inscriptions in Luoning County in Ming and Qing Dynasties

阳圪塔村现存碑刻主要是关于清代乡村庙宇建设的,透过它们可以看出该村在清代数百年的历史变迁。这些碑刻反映了三个社会现实:一是多族姓杂居是当地社会常态;二是该地家族实力在科举推动之下出现了数次转移;三是在清代中期社会稳定,经济相对繁荣的大背景下,频繁的宗教活动带动了乡村商业的较快发展。另外,从阳圪塔村碑刻上也可以看出,现实需求的多样性导致当地民间信仰呈现出多元化状态;当地妇女为了世俗需要也积极组织起来,通过捐施和募化资金等方式参与乡村庙宇建设。

The content of extant inscriptions in Yanggeda village are mainly relative to building and renovating local temples.These inscriptions showed the historical changes of Yanggeda village for hundreds of years in Qing dynasty.These inscriptions reflected three social realities:Firstly,it was normal state in which different clans lived together.Secondly,regional clan influence had changed repeatedly under the promotion of the imperial examination.Finally,rural commerce had made considerable progress due to social stability and economic prosperity,which was closely linked with the development of local religious activities.In addition,two questions could also be seen from the inscriptions on the existing tablet in Yanggeda village:the first was that the diversity of actual needs led to the pluralism of local folk beliefs;the second was that local women were actively organized to participate in the construction of village temples by raising and donating money.