山西阳泉方言的他称代词“伢”及相关用法

The Third Person Pronoun“Nia”(伢)in Yangquan Dialect of Shanxi Province and Its Related Usage

“伢”在山西阳泉方言中是一个使用频率很高的他称代词,与同为他称代词的“他”和“人家”有同有异,其中异大于同。在具体使用过程中,“伢”的指代功能越来越弱,逐渐发展为一个强调标记,与名词性成分连用时,“伢”还显示出了强调代词的功能。“伢”同“人家”和“他”相比,在具体的使用情境中具有主客观分工,总体说来,“伢”的主观性要强于“人家”,而“人家”的主观性又强于“他”。“伢”在晋语区及其他部分方言片区内普遍存在,但不同地区的用法具有差异性。

“Nia”(伢)is frequently used third person pronoun in Yangquan dialect of Shanxi Province.It has similarities and differences with other two third person pronnouns“Ta”(他)and“RenJia”(人家),with differences overweighing similarities.During the process of specific use,the referential function of“Nia”(伢)is becoming increasingly weaker,and gradually develops into an emphasis mark.When used with nominal elements,“Nia”(伢)also has the emphasis function.Compared with“Ta”(他)and“RenJia”(人家),“Nia”(伢)has a subjective and objective division in specific situations.In general,“Nia”(伢)is more subjective than“RenJia”(人家),and“RenJia”(人家)is more subjective than“Ta”(他).“Nia”(伢)is common in Jin dialect district,but its usage is different in different areas.