家庭文化场域中儿童的“失语”:表现、成因与纾解

Children's"Aphasia"in the Family Cultural Field:Manifestations,Causes and Reliefs

家庭文化场域以家庭为阵地,以亲子关系为核心,存在成人文化和儿童文化的矛盾与冲突。儿童文化在家庭文化场域中处于弱势方,儿童丧失话语主体地位,话语自主权被剥夺,话语内容出现异化,话语表达形式也受到限制。其原因在于家长对儿童文化的漠视以及儿童在传统儿童观和大众媒介下遭受成人文化规训。阐释性再构理论凸显了儿童在家庭文化场域中的行动者地位,强调在亲子互动中找到儿童文化与成人文化之间的平衡点,有利于家长理解和尊重儿童文化,从而彰显儿童文化话语权。

The family culture field takes the family as the position and the parent-child relationship as the core,and there are contradictions and conflicts between adult culture and children's culture.Children's culture is in a weak position in the family cultural field.They lose their status as the subject of discourse;their autonomy in discourse is deprived;the content of discourse is alienated;and the form of discourse expression is also restricted.This is due to parents'disregard for children's culture and children's exposure to adult cultural discipline under tra-ditional children's views and mass media.The theory of interpretive reconstruction highlights the status of chil-dren as actors in the field of family culture,emphasizes that finding the balance between children's culture and adult culture in parent-child interaction is conducive to parents'understanding and respect of children's culture,so as to highlight the right of children's cultural discourse.