猴痘病毒治疗性抗体的研究进展

Research Progress of Therapeutic Antibodies Against Monkeypox Virus

猴痘是由猴痘病毒(Monkeypox virus,MPXV)感染引起的人兽共患性疾病,临床表现主要为发热、皮疹和淋巴结肿大。从2022年5月上旬以来,短时间内全球多地出现大量病例,且流行病学及临床特点与以往不同,引起了各界的广泛关注。接种天花疫苗可有效预防猴痘,但仍有可能出现不同程度的副反应,而单克隆抗体疗法可有效避免这一缺陷。本文将就MPXV的病原学特点及流行现状、猴痘的痘苗免疫球蛋白(Vaccinia immune globulin,VIG)治疗、MPXV单克隆抗体的筛选、应用及优化方向等领域的研究现状进行系统梳理,以期为我国猴痘的科学防控提供理论支持。

Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease caused by Monkeypox virus(MPXV)infection.The clinical manifestations include fever,rash and lymph node enlargement.Since early May 2022,a large number of cases with different epidemiological and clinical characteristics have been reported in a short period of time in many places around the world,which has attracted wide attention from all sectors.Vaccination against smallpox can effectively prevent monkeypox,but there is still the possibility of side effect of varying degrees.Monoclonal antibody therapy can effectively avoid this defect.In order to provide theoretical support for the scientific prevention and control of monkeypox,this paper will comb the status quo of research in the fields of MPXV pathogenic characteristics and epidemic status,monkeypox treatment with vaccinia immune globulin(VIG),and screening,application and optimization of MPXV monoclonal antibodies.