文冠果新品种‘蒙冠1号’和‘蒙冠2号’

New Xanthoceras sorbifolium cultivars‘Mengguan No.1’and‘Mengguan No.2’

‘蒙冠1号’和‘蒙冠2号’是从文冠果(Xanthoceras sorbifolium)实生群体中选育出的新品种,树势强,树冠开张,丰产,抗逆性强。其中,‘蒙冠1号’结果枝粗壮,花瓣离生,花瓣上部白色,下部紫红色。花柄长,以顶生花序为主,孕花比例高。果实为柱形果,单果种子数18粒,单粒种子大,种子千粒质量1580 g。‘蒙冠2号’花瓣褶皱,呈倒卵形,花瓣上部流苏状浅裂,花瓣上部白色,下部红色。花期比同一物候地区其他文冠果晚7~10 d。果实圆柱形,单果种子数21粒,种子粒中等,种子千粒质量1080 g。适宜在年降水量300~400 mm、年均气温3.5~14.0℃、无霜期140~220 d、年日照时间1900~3100 h的地区栽植。栽植后应及时灌水,生长期按需灌溉和施肥,注意防涝,每年的冬季或早春进行修剪。

‘Mengguan No.1’and‘Mengguan No.2’are the new cultivars that were selected from the seeding population of Xanthoceras sorbifolium.They are characterized by strong tree vigor,rapid growth,high yield,and high resistance.‘Mengguan No.1’has a stout fruiting branch and isolated petals,with white upper parts and purplish red lower parts.The flower stalk is long,with a dominant terminal inflorescence and high proportion of pregnant flowers.It produces large columnar fruits,containing 18 large seeds per fruit,and the weight of thousand grain is approximately 1580 g.The petals of‘Mengguan No.2’are folded and obovate.The upper part of the petals is white,fimbriate,and lobed,and the lower part is red.The flowering period of‘Mengguan No.2’is 7-10 days later than that of other X.sorbifolium species in the same phenological area.It produces cylindrical fruits,containing 21 medium⁃sized seeds per fruit,and the weight of a thousand grain is approximately 1080 g.It is suitable for planting in areas with 300-400 mm precipitation,annual average temperatures between 3.5-14.0℃,frost-free periods of 140-220 days,and with 1900-3100 h of annual sunshine.They require irrigation after planting,as well as irrigation and fertilization on demand during the growth phase,waterlogging prevention,and pruning in winter or early spring every year.