基于协同理论的职业教育产教融合集团建设模式及实践路径

Construction Model and Practice Paths of Vocational Education Industry-education Integration Groups Based on Synergy Theory

产教融合集团建设是推进职业教育改革创新、提高人才培养质量、落实国家职业教育发展战略、破解产教融合现实问题的重要途径。协同理论对于职业教育产教融合集团建设具有较强的适切性,可以解释产教融合集团的产生过程,可以明确产教融合集团建设的主要牵头组织,可以解释产教融合集团各参与方协同耦合的可能性,可以描绘产教融合集团运行的理想状态。基于协同理论,遵循各方效益最大化原则、政府作用合理化原则、集团运行自主化原则,构建了包括政府、职业院校、本科高校、企业、产业园区、行业组织、科研院所等主体共同参与的职业教育产教融合集团建设模式。该模式实践路径为:发挥政府能动作用,提供有效引领支撑;系统做好破旧立新,提升各方融合程度;坚持民主多元共治,构建内部治理体系;合理统筹配置资源,满足各方利益关切;发挥各方资源优势,保障集团自主运行。

The construction of industry-education integration groups is an important way to promote the reform and innovation of vocational education,improve the quality of personnel training,implement the national vocational education development strategy,and solve the practical problems of industry-education integration.Synergy theory has strong applicability to the construction of industryeducation integration groups in vocational education.It can explain the production process of industry-education integration groups,clarify the main leading organizations for the construction of industry-education integration groups,explain the possibility of synergistic coupling among the participants of the industry-education integration groups,and describe the ideal state of the operation of the industryeducation integration groups.Based on the synergy theory,following the principle of maximizing the benefits of all parties,the principle of rationalizing the role of the government,and the principle of independent operation of the group,it has constructed a joint participation system involving the government,vocational colleges,undergraduate colleges,enterprises,industrial parks,industry organizations,and scientific research institutes.The practice paths of this model are giving full play to the active role of the government and providing effective guidance and support;doing a good job in destroying the old and innovating the system to enhance the degree of integration of all parties:adhering to democratic pluralistic co-governance and building an internal governance system;rationally allocating resources to meet the interests and concerns of all parties;giving full play to the resource advantages of all parties to ensure the independent operation of the group.